The Impact of Basic Nitrogen Compounds on the Oxidative and Thermal Stability of Base Oils in Automotive and Industrial Applications

Yoshida, Toshio; Igarashi, Jinichi; Watanabe, Hisayuki; Stipanovic, Arthur J.; Thiel, Charlotte; Firmstone, G. P.

doi:10.4271/981405

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 2 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Because the chemical composition of a base oil directly determines its physical and chemical performance characteristics, statistical and neural network modeling methods have been developed that utilize compositional data to predict properties such as oxidation lifetime and engine test performance. [1][2][3] Such structure-property correlations can be used to design better lubricants and to optimize refining processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulsed Field Gradient NMR Spectroscopy: Applications in Determining the Pressure Viscosity Coefficient and Low-Temperature Flow Properties of Lubricant Base Oils

Sharma

Stipanovic

2003

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The pulsed field gradient (PFG) NMR technique was employed to measure the self-diffusion coefficients (D) of hydrocarbon lubricant base fluids under ambient pressure conditions. This parameter was then related to various rheological properties, including the kinematic viscosity and the pressure viscosity coefficient (PVC). The results demonstrate that D varies inversely with the fluid viscosity and PVC. This relationship was then used to predict PVC from D for a series of compositionally diverse base oils, providing an R 2 value of 0.86. PFG NMR spectroscopy was also used to study the molecular dynamics of the liquid-solid transitions of the oils at low temperatures ranging from +40 to -40 °C. The self-diffusion coefficient decreased linearly with decreasing temperature to 0 °C and then "leveled off" at lower temperatures. This observation can be explained, using spatially heterogeneous dynamics and other mechanistic models, by the onset of wax crystallization.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulsed Field Gradient NMR Spectroscopy: Applications in Determining the Pressure Viscosity Coefficient and Low-Temperature Flow Properties of Lubricant Base Oils

Sharma

Stipanovic

2003

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Moreover, BO-40 also has a higher nitrogen content (375 ppm) (Table ). Basic nitrogen compounds, which are present in the base oil as nitrogen heterocyclics, are known to accelerate oil oxidation and reduce the oxidation life of formulated products . Earlier studies using NMR-derived parameters 19 have shown that most of these nitrogen-containing heterocyclics are mainly attached to polyaromatic- and naphthenoaromatic-type structures present in the base oil matrix.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Quantitative NMR Spectroscopy to Oxidation Kinetics of Base Oils Using a Pressurized Differential Scanning Calorimetry Technique

1999

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study was primarily conducted to explore the effect of molecular composition of a base oil matrix on the oxidation kinetics and the variation of different thermodynamic parameters during oxidation. Pressurized differential scanning calorimetry was used because the method is fairly straightforward and highly repeatable. NMR-derived structural parameters and chromatographic and mass spectral data were able to explain the variation in the results obtained. Kinetic parameters of various systems were derived based on peak temperature (K) and program rate (β) relationship. This methodology allowed calculation of the activation energy, rate constant, and half-life period of the various test samples under study. Variation in the results of the onset temperature (OT) and start temperature (ST) for different base oils are explained in terms of their molecular composition obtained from quantitative FT NMR studies.

show abstract

“…Yoshida, Stipanovic et al 41 used high-pressure differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to measure base oil oxidative stability and correlated results with ASTM D 943. Klaus et al 42 developed the Penn State Microoxidation Test to evaluate oxidative and thermal stability of base oils, and correlate lubricant degradation processes with those observed in automotive and diesel engine tests.…”

Section: Oxidation Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sulfur did not correlate at the low levels found in the hydroprocessed lubes. Stipanovic et al 41 used base oil compositional analysis, physical property measurements, and engine test results to develop predictive models based on partial least squares (PLS) and neural networks analyses. Multi-ring naphthene and polyaromatic compounds, thioaromatics, basic nitrogen compounds, and ''resins'' increase oxidation, thermal decomposition, and deposit formation.…”

Section: Correlation Of Base Oil Composition and Lubricantmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lubricant Base Oils: Analysis and Characterization of

Shugarman¹

2000

Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Lubricant base oils, or base stocks, are hydrocarbon lubricant components which are combined with performance additives to make finished industrial and automotive lubricants. A lubricant is a substance that reduces friction and wear between surfaces. Base oils typically comprise 80–99% of the finished lubricant. They are refined from selected crude oils, re‐refined from used oil, synthesized from specific organic compounds, or extracted from renewable resources, such as seed oils. Base oils formulated into finished lubricants help to reduce friction and wear between moving surfaces, remove heat, seal, cushion against shock loads, and remove abrasives and contaminants from the lubricated area. Base oil analysis and characterization is important for understanding how the physical and chemical properties of these materials relate to performance in finished lubricants. It is also essential for maintaining quality control (QC) over the manufacturing process, for quality assurance (QA) of the finished product, and for setting specifications between buyer and seller.

show abstract

The Impact of Basic Nitrogen Compounds on the Oxidative and Thermal Stability of Base Oils in Automotive and Industrial Applications

Cited by 11 publications

References 2 publications

Pulsed Field Gradient NMR Spectroscopy: Applications in Determining the Pressure Viscosity Coefficient and Low-Temperature Flow Properties of Lubricant Base Oils

Pulsed Field Gradient NMR Spectroscopy: Applications in Determining the Pressure Viscosity Coefficient and Low-Temperature Flow Properties of Lubricant Base Oils

Application of Quantitative NMR Spectroscopy to Oxidation Kinetics of Base Oils Using a Pressurized Differential Scanning Calorimetry Technique

Lubricant Base Oils: Analysis and Characterization of

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About