The Impact of Bacterial Biofilms on End-Organ Disease and Mortality in Patients with Hematologic Malignancies Developing a Bloodstream Infection

Domenico, Enea Gino Di; Marchesi, Francesco; Cavallo, Ilaria; Toma, Luigi; Sivori, Francesca; Papa, Elena; Spadea, Antonio; Cafarella, Giuseppina; Terrenato, Irene; Prignano, G.; Pimpinelli, Fulvia; Mastrofrancesco, Arianna; D’Agosto, Giovanna; Trento, Elisabetta; Morrone, Aldo; Mengarelli, Andrea; Ensoli, Fabrizio

doi:10.1128/spectrum.00550-21

Cited by 26 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In cancer patients, especially in those with hematologic malignances, this percentage is higher (11-18% all BSI cases). In this group of patients, P. aeruginosa is second or third after E. coli and K. pneumoniae as a causative agent of BSI [39][40][41][42].…”

Section: P Aeruginosa As An Etiological Factor Of Infections In Cance...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections in Cancer Patients

et al. 2022

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is one of the most frequent opportunistic microorganisms causing infections in oncological patients, especially those with neutropenia. Through its ability to adapt to difficult environmental conditions and high intrinsic resistance to antibiotics, it successfully adapts and survives in the hospital environment, causing sporadic infections and outbreaks. It produces a variety of virulence factors that damage host cells, evade host immune responses, and permit colonization and infections of hospitalized patients, who usually develop blood stream, respiratory, urinary tract and skin infections. The wide intrinsic and the increasing acquired resistance of P. aeruginosa to antibiotics make the treatment of infections caused by this microorganism a growing challenge. Although novel antibiotics expand the arsenal of antipseudomonal drugs, they do not show activity against all strains, e.g., MBL (metalo-β-lactamase) producers. Moreover, resistance to novel antibiotics has already emerged. Consequently, preventive methods such as limiting the transmission of resistant strains, active surveillance screening for MDR (multidrug-resistant) strains colonization, microbiological diagnostics, antimicrobial stewardship and antibiotic prophylaxis are of particular importance in cancer patients. Unfortunately, surveillance screening in the case of P. aeruginosa is not highly effective, and a fluoroquinolone prophylaxis in the era of increasing resistance to antibiotics is controversial.

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Section: P Aeruginosa As An Etiological Factor Of Infections In Cance...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections in Cancer Patients

et al. 2022

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“…Due to P. aeruginosa's ability to colonize and infect a wide array of hosts and body sites, we were interested if strains isolated from the same body site, in particular the bloodstream, of different patients would show variability in their phenotypes. There have been many studies on P. aeruginosa virulence factors implicating pyocyanin production, biofilm production, and twitching motility as important mediators of pathogenesis [4][5][6][40][41][42][43][44][45]. We observed high variability amongst the phenotypes we assayed, which is consistent with other studied that found high variability amongst isolates from other clinical sites such as urinary tracts and cystic fibrosis lungs [22][23][24].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

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“…Sample collection, bacterial identification, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were performed as previously described ( 79 ). Strains were classified as MRSA when presenting the gene for methicillin resistance ( mecA ), oxacillin resistance (MIC ≥ 4 mg/mL), and positive agglutination test for penicillin-binding protein (PBP2; Oxoid, Basingstoke, UK) ( 80 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%