The Impact of an Educational Program Based on the BASNEF Model on Knowledge and Self-Care Behaviors of Patients with Hypertension

Abstract

Background: Hypertension is an important health problem that can be controlled by self-care. Objectives: The present study aimed to determine the impact of an educational program based (BASNEF) model on knowledge and self-care behaviors for hypertensive patients in Bastak, Iran. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was performed on 180 patients with hypertension who were admitted to health centers of the Bastak city. The participants were randomly assigned to intervention (n = 90) and control (n = 90) groups. Data were collected using a questionnaire that had three sections of demographic information, knowledge, and BASNEF constructs. The questionnaires were completed before the intervention and two months after providing the intervention. After the pre-test, an appropriate educational intervention was designed and implemented only among the intervention group. To analyze the data, paired t-test, independent t-test, and Chi-square tests were run by SPSS version 19. Results: The mean age of the participants was 50.62 ± 7.549 years. The results showed a statistically significant difference in the mean scores of attitudes, subjective norms, enabling factors, and self-care behaviors in the intervention group pre- and post-intervention (P = 0.001). Besides, it was found that enabling factors (0.311) play a significant role in predicting self-care behaviors. Conclusions: The results of this study support the effectiveness of educational interventions in raising awareness and improving self-care behaviors in patients with hypertension using the BASNEF model. Therefore, with an emphasis on enabling factors, the BASNEF model can be used as a framework to develop educational interventions for self-care.

Application of health education and promotion theory-based interventions on patients with cardiovascular disease

“…Systolic and diastolic blood pressure control based on the BAZNEF model,[ 42 44 ] modifications in blood pressure (BP), and body mass index[ 36 ] confirmed the effect of theory-based intervention on clinical outcomes.…”

“…The participants with heart failure (HF),[ 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 ] coronary heart disease (CHD),[ 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 ] hypertension (HTN),[ 13 39 40 41 42 43 44 ] coronary artery bypass graft (CABG),[ 20 45 46 47 48 ] myocardial infarctions (MI),[ 17 19 49 50 51 ] patients with pacemaker,[ 52 ] heart valve disease,[ 53 ] and cardiac rehabilitation[ 18 ] were highest and lowest target groups in studied papers, respectively. The detailed characteristics of included studies are revealed in [ Table 2 ].…”

“…Knowledge and awareness about systolic and diastolic blood pressure using BAZNEF model,[ 42 ] increasing average time of physical activity among hypertensive patients based on TTM,[ 41 ] intervention HBM-based on nutritional behavior among patients with MI,[ 50 ] HBM-based educational program on nutritional knowledge and behaviors among CABG patients,[ 45 46 ] improving motivation for health behaviors,[ 48 ] and active education and prevention of recurrent MI[ 51 ] revealed significant difference on educational outcomes after interventions.…”

“…In general, study results revealed that theory-based interventions were effective in all types of outcomes among studies target groups. [ 13 14 15 20 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 ] Improving awareness and information in chronic conditions as CVDs results in achieving practical outcomes such as follow-up, adherence to self-care and self-management behaviors, promoting QoL, and healthy lifestyle. A targeted multimedia educational intervention can be effective in reducing the adverse effects of chronic diseases.…”

Determinants of Hypertension Self-management Behaviors: An Application of the Intervention Mapping Approach

“…Hypertension is one of the key risk factors of atherosclerosis, stroke, and heart and kidney failure (1,2). In the last four decades, the prevalence of hypertension has reduced in high-income countries but increased in low-income countries, and is anticipated to increase by 60% to reach 1.56 billion worldwide by 2025 (3).…”