The Impact of Acid Rain on Historical Buildings in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Omar, Mohamed Zaini; Rindam, Main

doi:10.18848/1833-1874/cgp/v05i06/38233

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The rainwater was obtained at Miri, Sarawak. Previous findings found that the range of the rain pH value in Miri, Sarawak is 4.8 to 5.6 which considered least moderate acidic [20]. However, while the rainwater is falling through the atmosphere, the oxygen gas from the atmosphere is absorbed and dissolved in the rainwater which increased the corrosion rate.…”

Section: Rainwatermentioning

confidence: 95%

Corrosion of Galvanised and Ungalvanised Cold-Formed Steel in Chloride and Sulphate Solutions

Ling

Lee²,

Mohammad³

et al. 2023

AEJ

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The light steel framing is widely use around the world to replace the conventional construction method. However, there are some factors that affect the corrosion rate of the steel framing structures. The factors are oxygen, humidity, sulphate, chloride and copper sulphate which highly contain in seawater regions or specifically coastal area. Hence, all these factors that influence the corrosion rate of the steel framing shall be study to determine the service life and the maintenance required throughout their service life. This paper studies the effect of the chloride, sulphate and the rainwater to the light steel framing structure and the corrosion resistance that provided by the zinc coating on the surface of the steel. The galvanized steel and ungalvanized steel are immersed in different concentration of sodium chloride and copper sulphate solutions for 28 days. The corrosion rate is obtained by measured the weight loss of the steel coupons in the interval 7-days of the immersion time. Other than that, the corrosion rate in seawater is analysed by the result of 0.5 Mol of NaCl and 0.016 Mol of CuSO4. The corrosion rate for the NaCl and CuSO4 is much higher than the corrosion rate in the rainwater. The corrosion resistance that provided by the zinc coating is extremely higher compared to the steel that without the protection. Prediction equation of metal loss from experimental study is proposed for a reliable light steel structure in a function of time.

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Section: Rainwatermentioning

confidence: 95%

Corrosion of Galvanised and Ungalvanised Cold-Formed Steel in Chloride and Sulphate Solutions

Ling

Lee²,

Mohammad³

et al. 2023

AEJ

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“…Acid deposition is one of the most serious environmental problems that affects every component of the ecosystem, it also damages man-made materials and structures (Bhargava and Bhargava, 2013). Acid rains that correlate with urbanization and the industrialization process harm some types of buildings (Omar and Rindam, 2011;Guo et al, 2024). Construction materials will degrade over time due to environmental factors, acid rain affects by accelerating the degradation (Yates, 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Acid Rain Impacts Using Geostatistical Analysis and Remotely Sensed Data in Kirkuk City, Iraq

Jumaah,

Jasim,

Hadi

2024

IJEEG

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Acid rain is linked to the process of urbanization and industrialization and harms buildings. This study aims to evaluateacid rain in Kirkuk city using GIS-based spatial analysis, mathematical statistical modeling, and laboratory tests andexamine the harmful effects on the city buildings and human health. Precipitation ranges were determined based onTheisen’s polygon techniques. The methodology is based on two types of laboratory measurements of specific rainfallsamples within the city for the period of January 2021 to March 2022. Geographical Information Systems GISs wereused to verify the spatial distribution and quantity of precipitation data in the study area. Remote sensing RS was alsoused for mapping rainfall rates during the study period. According to spatial distribution maps, the acidity level of rainwas classified as (least acidic) ranging between (5.5 and 5.6). Specifically in the southern and south-eastern parts of thestudy area. Besides, spatial distributions have been presented with high accuracy with 95% and 83% accuracy ratings in2021 and 2022, respectively. Thus, we attempt to offer some useful guidelines for conserving buildings so that they arepreserved for a long time. RS and GIS techniques are best suited for estimating and modeling rainfall datacharacteristics.

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“…The occurrence of acid rain can be attributed mainly to human activities such as the combustion of fossil fuels in power plants, waste burning, and exhaust fumes from automobile usage [3]. It could also originate from natural sources such as volcano emissions, forest fires, and microbial processes [4]. Acidic deposition stems from air pollution, with its major sources being sulphur dioxide (SO 2 ) and nitrogen oxides (NO x ) [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-Time Effects on Compressive Strength of Residual Soils Due to Rainwater

Anggraini

Isdaryanto

Illiayas

et al. 2022

J. Mater. Sci. Technol. Res.

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The short-term effects of acid rain on the geotechnical properties of residual soil were investigated. Artificial acid rain (AAR) of pH values 2, 4 and 6 was created with an infiltration setup to replicate the interaction between acid rain and soil. The soil specimens were infiltrated with AAR for durations of 30mins and 60mins for each pH level of 2, 4 and 6 and a control sample using deionised water of pH 7.5. Unconfined compression test (UCS) and Atterberg limits test were performed on the treated samples to study the mechanical behaviour and the characteristics of the soil once contaminated with AAR. The results revealed that reducing the pH value of AAR led to a reduction in compressive strength and Young’s modulus and an increment in liquid limit while the plastic limit remained unchanged. The reduction in compressive strength due to acid rain was observed to be almost halved when the bulk unit weight of the soil was increased for the same infiltration period.

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The Impact of Acid Rain on Historical Buildings in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Corrosion of Galvanised and Ungalvanised Cold-Formed Steel in Chloride and Sulphate Solutions

Corrosion of Galvanised and Ungalvanised Cold-Formed Steel in Chloride and Sulphate Solutions

Evaluation of Acid Rain Impacts Using Geostatistical Analysis and Remotely Sensed Data in Kirkuk City, Iraq

Short-Time Effects on Compressive Strength of Residual Soils Due to Rainwater

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