The impact of a single whole body cryostimulation treatment on selected skin properties of healthy young subjects

Piotrowska, Anna; Aszklar, K.; Dzidek, Adrianna; Ptaszek, Bartłomiej; Czerwińska-Ledwig, Olga; Pilch, Wanda

doi:10.1016/j.cryobiol.2021.03.003

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…This practice (which is now applied also as a wellness treatment method) was introduced in Japan in 1978, developed in Germany and Poland in the `80 s, and quickly gained increasing popularity, especially in sport medicine, for its effects on post-exercise distress (see Banfi et al 2010 for a review). Despite the very low air temperature, literature does not report skin lesions after this treatment (Westerlund et al 2003; see also Piotrowska et al 2021), also considering that the lowest skin temperature remains in the range 15-20 °C. Neither is WBC associated with risk of hypothermia, as core body temperature shows minimal or no appreciable changes in response to that treatment (Komulainen et al 2004;Costello et al 2012a, b;Selfe et al 2014;Zalewski et al 2014;Cuttell et al 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A single session of whole-body cryotherapy boosts maximal cycling performance and enhances vagal drive at rest

Storniolo

Chaulan²,

Esposti

et al. 2022

Exp Brain Res

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Whole-body cryotherapy (WBC) has been reported to maximize physical recovery after exercise and reduce the ensuing muscle damage. In addition, WBC triggers cardiovascular responses leading to an increased vagal drive. Here we tested whether WBC may boost exercise performance as well as post-exercise recovery. Moreover, we compared the effects of WBC and exercise on sympathovagal balance and tested whether these two factors may interact. ECG was recorded in 28 healthy adults who underwent rest, all-out effort on a cycloergometer, 5 min recovery and again rest. After 3–5 days, WBC (3 min exposure to − 150 °C air) was applied and the whole procedure repeated. Total exercise duration was split into the time needed to reach peak power output (tPEAK) and the time to exhaustion (tEXH). The post-exercise exponential decay of HR was characterized by its delay from exercise cessation (tDELAY) and by its time constant (τOFF). Sympathovagal balance was evaluated by measuring HR variability power in the low (LF) and high (HF) frequency bands, both before exercise and after recovery from it. Sympathetic vs. vagal predominance was assessed by the sympathovagal index LFnu. Paired t-tests indicated that WBC increased tEXH and reduced tDELAY, speeding up the HR recovery. These results suggest that WBC may be exploited to boost exercise performance by about 12–14%. ANOVA on HR variability confirmed that exercise shifted the sympathovagal balance towards sympathetic predominance, but it also highlighted that WBC enhanced vagal drive at rest, both before exercise and after full recovery, covering ~ 70% of the exercise effect.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A single session of whole-body cryotherapy boosts maximal cycling performance and enhances vagal drive at rest

Storniolo

Chaulan²,

Esposti

et al. 2022

Exp Brain Res

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“…Obviously on an industrial scale this price is expected to be much lower (≈0.05 $/kg). In addition, an indicator of the liquid nitrogen availability is the fact that it has become widely used in modern companies, ranging from cosmetology to industry [ 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 ]. Moreover, the use of air turbine refrigeration machines can reduce the cost of cold production by 3−4 times, and specific energy consumption by 2−3 times compared with the use of liquid nitrogen [ 43 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Multifaceted Approach for Cryogenic Waste Tire Recycling

et al. 2021

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One of the important aspects for degradation of the life quality is the ever increasing volume and range of industrial wastes. Polymer wastes, such as automotive tire rubber, are a source of long-term environmental pollution. This paper presents an approach to simplifying the rubber waste recycling process using cryogenic temperatures. The temperature of cryogenic treatment is ranged from 77 K to 280 K. Liquid nitrogen was used as a cryoagent for laboratory tests. Experimental and numerical studies have been carried out to determine the optimal conditions for the recycling process. Numerical studies were performed using the COMSOL Multiphysics cross-platform software. The optimal force of mechanical shock for the destruction of a tire which turned into a glassy state after cryoexposure was determined experimentally. The chemical and physical properties of the final product (crumb rubber) have been studied by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The analysis shows that the morphology and elemental composition of the samples remain practically unchanged, demonstrating environmental friendliness of the proposed process.

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Retrospective analysis of whole-body cryotherapy adverse effects in Division I collegiate athletes

Forootan¹,

Checketts

Frank

et al. 2023

Journal of Osteopathic Medicine

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Context Although the physiological effects and the performance of athletes after utilizing whole-body cryotherapy (WBC) have been widely studied, there is a lack of data on its adverse effects. It is important to be aware of the adverse effects of any treatment for its use to be properly recommended. Objectives This study aims to provide insight to any adverse effects that collegiate athletes experienced after utilizing WBC to better utilize this therapeutic modality. Methods After the Institutional Review Board (IRB) deemed exemption, all 457 Division 1-A varsity athletes were recruited via email to participate in a retrospective survey. Participants consented to the study by continuing to the questions. The inclusion criteria were that they must be 18 years of age or older, had completed WBC at that university, and were a student-athlete. The survey was six questions long, and if any of the inclusion criteria was not met, they were redirected to end the survey. The data were analyzed utilizing odds ratios. Results Of the 457 student-athletes, 11.2% (n=51) responded and 6.3% (n=29) met the inclusion criteria. Responses were obtained from women’s lacrosse (27.6%; n=8), women’s gymnastics (24.1%, n=7), field hockey (17.2%, n=5), wrestling (6.9%, n=2), football (6.9%, n=2), women’s cross country (3.5%, n=1), men’s basketball (3.5%, n=1), women’s volleyball (3.5%, n=1), softball (3.5%, n=1), and baseball (3.5%, n=1). Among the responses, 79.3% (n=23) were females and 29.7% (n=6) were males. Within 1 h of WBC, the most frequently reported adverse effects were skin rash (27.6%, n=8), itching (13.8%, n=4), and fatigue (6.9%, n=2). More than 1 h after WBC, the most frequently reported adverse effects were skin rash (20.7%, n=6), itching (10.3%, n=3), and increased energy (6.9%, n=2). When stratified by female and male athletes, for both within 1 h and more than 1 h after WBC, there were increased odds for females reporting adverse effects; however, neither were statistically significant (OR 4.58, p=0.19, 95% CI 0.46 to 45.61) (OR 3.84, p=0.25, 95% CI 0.39 to 38.36). Within 1 h of WBC, 58.6% (n=17) of subjects reported no adverse effects, and more than 1 h after WBC, 65.5% (n=19) subjects reported no adverse effects. The mean satisfaction level rating was 6.34 (range 0–10, n=29). When asked if they would do WBC again, 65.5% (n=19) responded “yes” and 34.5% (n=10) responded “no.” Conclusions In this collegiate athlete population, negative adverse effects of WBC commonly included skin burns and itching while potentially proving a beneficial adverse effect of increased energy. Subjects commonly reported no adverse effects after WBC treatment as well.

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The impact of a single whole body cryostimulation treatment on selected skin properties of healthy young subjects

Cited by 5 publications

References 28 publications

A single session of whole-body cryotherapy boosts maximal cycling performance and enhances vagal drive at rest

A single session of whole-body cryotherapy boosts maximal cycling performance and enhances vagal drive at rest

A Multifaceted Approach for Cryogenic Waste Tire Recycling

Retrospective analysis of whole-body cryotherapy adverse effects in Division I collegiate athletes

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