The immunobiology of the innate response to Toxoplasma gondii

Miller, Catherine M.; Boulter, Nicola R.; Ikin, Rowan J.; Smith, Nicholas C.

doi:10.1016/j.ijpara.2008.08.002

Cited by 198 publications

(164 citation statements)

References 194 publications

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“…Most humans tend to produce high avidity IgG anti-T. gondii antibodies, since contact with the infecting forms of T. gondii also stimulates the development of immune memory (16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21). Additionally, older individuals seem to be exposed to a greater number of stimuli as well as reinfections by this parasite, without necessarily manifesting the clinical form of the disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-association between anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies and ABO blood group system

Rodrigues

Uezato

Vono

et al. 2011

J. Venom. Anim. Toxins incl. Trop. Dis

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Toxoplasma gondii infects humans through the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), which elicits humoral immune response with specific antibodies. The expression of the ABO blood group glycoconjugates also occurs in this same system and may influence the human susceptibility of infection by T. gondii. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between ABO blood group phenotypes and the presence of anti-T. gondii antibodies. Data -including age, results of serology tests for T. gondii infection and ABO blood group phenotypes -were assembled from the medical records of 1,006 pregnant women attended in the Base Hospital of the Medical School of São José do Rio Preto, Brazil, between 2001 and 2004. The chi-square test was used to compare the results with the level of significance set at 5%. Of the studied cases, 64.1% (645/1006) and 35.9% (391/1006) presented respectively positive and negative serology tests for anti-T. gondii antibodies. The mean age of those who tested positive was higher than those with negative serology tests (p = 0.0004). The frequencies of ABO blood group phenotypes were similar in those with and without anti-T. gondii antibodies (p = 0.35). In conclusion, the ABO blood group system is not associated with the presence or absence of anti-T. gondii antibodies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-association between anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies and ABO blood group system

Rodrigues

Uezato

Vono

et al. 2011

J. Venom. Anim. Toxins incl. Trop. Dis

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“…However, the action of NO is only beneficial to host cells in acute infections stages as 772 its prolonged action is thought to halt replication of tachyzoites, thus promoting their 773 transition to the relatively dormant bradyzoites [129], which seek refuge in cysts, thus 774 promoting a chronic condition [133]. It is thought that the expression of TgHsp70 775 during a primary infection is thought to promote subsequent tolerance to NO [138], 776 thus TgHsp70 is capable of promoting parasite development and pathogenesis.…”

Section: Introduction 713mentioning

confidence: 99%

Intracellular Protozoan Parasites of Humans: The Role of Molecular Chaperones in Development and Pathogenesis

Shonhai¹,

Maier²,

Przyborski³

et al. 2011

PPL

107

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36Certain kinetoplastid (Leishmania spp. and Tryapnosoma cruzi) and apicomplexan 37 parasites (Plasmodium falciparum and Toxoplasma gondii) are capable of invading 38 human cells as part of their pathology. These parasites appear to have evolved a 39 relatively expanded or diverse complement of genes encoding molecular chaperones. 40The gene families encoding heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) and heat shock protein 70 41 (Hsp70) chaperones show significant expansion and diversity (especially for 42Leishmania spp. and T. cruzi), and in particular the Hsp40 family appears to be an 43 extreme example of phylogenetic radiation. In general, Hsp40 proteins act as co-44 chaperones of Hsp70 chaperones, forming protein folding pathways that integrate 45 with Hsp90 to ensure proteostasis in the cell. It is tempting to speculate that the 46 diverse environmental insults that these parasites endure have resulted in the 47 evolutionary selection of a diverse and expanded chaperone network. Hsp90 is 48 involved in development and growth of all of these intracellular parasites, and so far 49 represents the strongest candidate as a target for chemotherapeutic interventions. 50While there have been some excellent studies on the molecular and cell biology of 51 Hsp70 proteins, relatively little is known about the biological function of Hsp70-52 Hsp40 interactions in these intracellular parasites. This review focuses on intracellular 53 protozoan parasites of humans, and provides a critique of the role of heat shock 54 proteins in development and pathogenesis, especially the molecular chaperones 55

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“…cNK cells may also contribute to the rapid elimination of infected cells by direct cytotoxicity. In the absence of cNK cells, impaired priming of CD4 + and CD8 + T cells was observed [50]. Recently, cNK cells have also been identified as a major source of IL-17 during T. gondii infection, a cytokine that confers resistance to this pathogen [51].…”

Section: Cnk Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural killer (NK) and NK-like cells at mucosal epithelia: Mediators of anti-microbial defense and maintenance of tissue integrity

Fuchs

Colonna

2011

European Journal of Microbiology and Immunology

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The immunobiology of the innate response to Toxoplasma gondii

Cited by 198 publications

References 194 publications

Non-association between anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies and ABO blood group system

Non-association between anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies and ABO blood group system

Intracellular Protozoan Parasites of Humans: The Role of Molecular Chaperones in Development and Pathogenesis

Natural killer (NK) and NK-like cells at mucosal epithelia: Mediators of anti-microbial defense and maintenance of tissue integrity

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