The immunobiology of murine interleukin-1α encoded by recombinant vaccinia virus

Ruby, Janet; Fordham, Susan A.; Kasprzak, Annette B.; Osvath, Sarah R.; Ramshaw, Ian A.

doi:10.1016/1043-4666(91)90028-c

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Thus, we have determined that high numbers of CD8+IFN-7-producing T cells are induced during vv infection. This observation is consistent with the demonstration that CD8 T cells play an obligatory role in the recovery from primary poxvirus infection (20,21), and with our previous finding that anti-viral CD8 effector cell activity is dependent on IFN-7 (39). The high frequency of CD4+TNF-producing cells that were present was unpredicted for vv infection.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Morphologically, the IFN-7-producing cells were lymphoblastoid and IFN-7 staining was shown in the cytoplasm, mainly localized next to nuclear indentations. We and others have shown that the effector activity of antiviral CD8 T cells is dependent on IFN-7 (10,26,39). Thus, the demonstration of high numbers of CD8 IFN-7+ cells supports the notion that effector T cells may act by producing a cytokine that is directly antiviral.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

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Cytokine Production in Virus-Infected Mice: A Single Cell Analysis

Ruby

Sedger²,

Ramshaw³

1993

Viral Immunology

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Antiviral activity of IFN-gamma and TNF has been demonstrated in vitro and in vivo. Recombinant vaccinia viruses that encode either of these cytokines are highly attenuated in vivo and, indeed, are no longer lethal when they are used to infect athymic nude mice. Thus, these cytokines are able to replace the requirement for CD8 T cells in immunodeficient mice. We believe that the antiviral properties of some cytokines are a central component in the physiological control of virus infection. In this report, we used flow cytofluorimetric analysis to simultaneously detect cytokine production and T cell phenotype. Importantly, this method allowed the analysis of cytokine production in cells freshly isolated from tissues. In contrast to other procedures, restimulation of the cells in vitro was not necessary. We demonstrate that CD8 IFN-gamma+ cells were predominantly induced early in the response to vaccinia virus infection and, at the cellular peak of the response, CD8 IFN-gamma+ and CD4 TNF+ T cells were present at equal frequencies. Hence, these findings support the concept that effector T cells produce cytokines that are known to be antiviral, and that these cytokines are an important component of effector T cell activity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Cytokine Production in Virus-Infected Mice: A Single Cell Analysis

Ruby

Sedger²,

Ramshaw³

1993

Viral Immunology

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Poxviruses as Genetic Vectors

Cox¹,

Gettig²,

Paoletti³

1995

Viruses in Human Gene Therapy

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Initiation of primary anti-vaccinia virus immunity in vivo

Fischer

Norbury

2007

Immunol Res

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The primary focus of our work is the initiation of an antiviral immune response. While we employ many experimental systems to address this fundamental issue, much of our work revolves around the use of vaccinia virus. Concerns over the negative effects of vaccination have prevented the return of the smallpox immunization program to the general population and underscored the importance of understanding the primary immune response to vaccinia virus. This response is comprised of a complex symphony of immune system components employing a variety of different mechanisms. In this review, we will both highlight the roles of many of these components and touch on the applications of vaccinia virus in the laboratory and the clinic.

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The immunobiology of murine interleukin-1α encoded by recombinant vaccinia virus

Cited by 5 publications

References 17 publications

Cytokine Production in Virus-Infected Mice: A Single Cell Analysis

Cytokine Production in Virus-Infected Mice: A Single Cell Analysis

Poxviruses as Genetic Vectors

Initiation of primary anti-vaccinia virus immunity in vivo

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