The immune response and PBMC subsets in canine visceral leishmaniasis before, and after, chemotherapy

Moreno, Javier; Nieto, Javier; Chamizo, Cristina; González, F.; Blanco, Fernando F.; Barker, Douglas C.; Alvar, Jorge

doi:10.1016/s0165-2427(99)00096-3

Cited by 92 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Our results might indicate that antigens such as rKMPII or rTRYP could be more sensitive than CTLA in detecting early reduction of Leishmania load in treated dogs, although the presence of seropositive dogs for these recombinant proteins at the end of the study could indicate persistence of subclinical infection. 14,15,21 Unfortunately, parasitologic data for these dogs during follow-up or at the end of the study were not available.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Information from other studies that used bone marrow aspiration showed that there was no sterile cure in most treated dogs, despite clinical improvement. 14,15,21,27 Thus, the possibility of relapse as an epidemiologic risk 28,29 still exists in disease-free survivor dogs, although to a lesser extent. For this reason, it has been recommended to use preventative measures against parasite transmission in animals and to monitor them on a regular basis to assess future clinical relapse.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12 Successful chemotherapy has been correlated with a decrease in Leishmania -specific antibody levels, restoration of parasitespecific cell mediated immunity, and a reduction of parasite burden. 6,[13][14][15][16][17] However, drugs used to treat leishmaniasis have not been able to provide a sterile cure; although temporary clinical remission is normally achieved, relapses are frequent after use of the drug is stopped, 18 thus increasing the risk of parasitic resistance. 19,20 Research into a marker capable of predicting the success of therapy against Leishmania is required to develop a more rational therapy protocol, which must improve the probability of cure and reduce Leishmania resistance to drugs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamics and Predictive Potential of Antibodies against Insect-Derived Recombinant Leishmania infantum Proteins during Chemotherapy of Naturally Infected Dogs

Todolí

Galindo²,

Gómez-Sebastián³

et al. 2010

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamics and Predictive Potential of Antibodies against Insect-Derived Recombinant Leishmania infantum Proteins during Chemotherapy of Naturally Infected Dogs

Todolí

Galindo²,

Gómez-Sebastián³

et al. 2010

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…Our study suggested that spiny rats experienced a transitory (not significant) decrease in hematocrit and subsequent recovery by the 5th mo p.i. This recovery included a decrease in antibody titers, which in other animals is associated with disease resolution (Mancianti et al 1988, Moreno et al 1999. The negativity of the PCR-hybridization method suggests that L. chagasi infection in P. semispinosus is contained and compartmentalized.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility of spiny rats (Proechimys semispinosus) to Leishmania (Viannia) panamensis and Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi

Travi

Arteaga

León

et al. 2002

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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The role of Proechimys semispinosus as reservoir of Leishmania (Viannia) Key words: spiny rats -Leishmania -reservoir -experimental infection Spiny rats (Proechimys spp.) are parasitized by a variety of Leishmania species, including L. aristidesi and recognized pathogenic species such as L. guyanensis, L. amazonensis, and L. mexicana s.l. Although these rodents have been incriminated as natural hosts for pathogenic species in several endemic foci in South America, encompassing Brazil, French Guiana, Venezuela and Trinidad (Lainson et al. 1979, WHO 1990, their reservoir role still needs to be established.In Colombia, information on spiny rats and their relationships with both cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis is fragmentary. P. semispinosus is the most abundant small mammal inhabiting tropical wet forests of the Colombian Pacific coast where cutaneous leishmaniasis is endemic (Weigle et al. 1986, Gonzalez & Alberico 1993. In the Northern region of the country, another species of spiny rat, P. canicollis, is infected with L. chagasi in tropical dry forests and areas of subsistence agriculture where the original forest has been extensively degraded .Incriminating wild animals as Leishmania reservoirs is based on several biological parameters, among which natural infection, population dynamics, and interactions with and infectivity to vectors are of capital importance. In the present study, using an experimental approach, we evaluated the potential role of P. semispinosus as a reservoir of cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by L. (V.) panamensis. Also, we determined the susceptibility of this species to L. (L.) chagasi to evaluate the utility of this rodent as a model of reservoir host that could be utilized in the laboratory. MATERIALS AND METHODSCollection of spiny rats and quarantine -Spiny rats from the Pacific lowlands of Colombia (Tumaco, Nariño; 1°48'N,78°46'W) were captured with National-type traps, after the appropriate permission from the departmental agency for the protection of wild fauna (Corponariño) was obtained. Approximately 100 trapping stations were established in areas of secondary forest, where banana, plantain and cocoa are grown. The traps were baited with plantain, set before dusk, and inspected at dawn. To avoid excessive stress and self-inflicted wounds, the animals were transferred immediately to transport cages of aluminum walls, where access to food and water was provided. Specimens were transported by air to the central laboratory in Cali and quarantined for 8 weeks in the vivarium. An individual coprological analysis was conducted, and an anti-parasitic treatment [ivermectin (Virbamec®), and propoxur (Bolfo®)] was implemented. A blood sample (0.5 ml), drawn by intracardial puncture, was cultured in NNN and Senekjie's media to detect natural infections with Leishmania or Trypanosoma. Serum was collected for detecting antibodies against the same parasites by means of ELISA. Total IgG antibodies were determined in serum (diluted 1:100) using a soluble T. cruzi or L. panamensis

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“…Infections caused by this protozoon are characterized by chronic systemic immune-mediated disease, in which the Th1 cell response is associated with asymptomatic dogs exhibiting apparent resistance, whereas the clinical disease is represented by humoral responses (MORENO et al, 1999). Excessive B lymphocyte activity leads to formation of immune complexes (GOTO; LINDOSO, 2004), which are deposited on the walls of blood vessels and in organs, thus favoring development of vasculitis, uveitis, arthritis and, especially, glomerulonephritis and renal failure (LOPEZ et al, 1996;IKEDA et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histological changes and immunolabeling ofLeishmania infantum in kidneys and urinary bladder of dogs

Santos

Alves

Ramos

et al. 2013

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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The aim of this study was to assess histological alterations and perform immunolabeling of Leishmania infantum in the kidneys and urinary bladder of naturally infected dogs. Twenty-five urinary bladder and kidney samples of serologically positive animals (ELISA S7® Biogene and IFAT ≥ 1:40 -Biomanguinhos/Fiocruz) were analyzed by means of immunohistochemical and histological techniques. Cystitis was found in 44% (11/25) of the bladder samples and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis in 92% (23/25) of the kidney samples. Immunolabeling of the parasite revealed that 32% (8/25) of the bladders and 8% (2/25) of the kidneys were positive. In conclusion, the immunohistochemical technique is a useful tool for detecting amastigote forms of L. infantum in organs of infected dogs. In addition, this was the first report of detection of amastigote forms of L. infantum in the bladders of dogs.Keywords: Leishmania infantum, immunohistochemistry, nephropathy, cystitis, dog. ResumoObjetivou-se neste estudo avaliar as alterações histológicas e realizar a imunomarcação de Leishmania infantum em rins e bexiga de cães naturalmente infectados. Vinte e cinco amostras de bexiga e rins de animais sorologicamente (ELISA S7® Biogene and IFAT ≥ 1:40 -Biomanguinhos/Fiocruz) positivas foram analisadas histologicamente e por meio da técnica de imuno-histoquímica. Os resultados revelaram cistite em 44% (11/25) das amostras de bexiga e glomerulonefrite membranoproliferativa em 92% (23/25) das amostras de rins. A imunomarcação do parasito revelou 32% (8/25) e 8% (2/25) de positividade em bexiga e rins, respectivamente. Conclui-se que a técnica de imunohistoquímica é uma útil ferramenta para detecção de formas amastigotas de L. infantum em órgãos de cães infectados. Além disso, o presente trabalho reporta a primeira descrição de formas amastigotas de L. infantum em bexiga de cães.

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The immune response and PBMC subsets in canine visceral leishmaniasis before, and after, chemotherapy

Cited by 92 publications

References 47 publications

Dynamics and Predictive Potential of Antibodies against Insect-Derived Recombinant Leishmania infantum Proteins during Chemotherapy of Naturally Infected Dogs

Dynamics and Predictive Potential of Antibodies against Insect-Derived Recombinant Leishmania infantum Proteins during Chemotherapy of Naturally Infected Dogs

Susceptibility of spiny rats (Proechimys semispinosus) to Leishmania (Viannia) panamensis and Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi

Histological changes and immunolabeling ofLeishmania infantum in kidneys and urinary bladder of dogs

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