The IL-17 family in diseases: from bench to bedside

Abstract

The interleukin-17 (IL-17) family comprises six members (IL-17A–17F), and recently, all of its related receptors have been discovered. IL-17 was first discovered approximately 30 years ago. Members of this family have various biological functions, including driving an inflammatory cascade during infections and autoimmune diseases, as well as boosting protective immunity against various pathogens. IL-17 is a highly versatile proinflammatory cytokine necessary for vital processes including host immune defenses, tissue repair, inflammatory disease pathogenesis, and cancer progression. However, how IL-17 performs these functions remains controversial. The multifunctional properties of IL-17 have attracted research interest, and emerging data have gradually improved our understanding of the IL-17 signaling pathway. However, a comprehensive review is required to understand its role in both host defense functions and pathogenesis in the body. This review can aid researchers in better understanding the mechanisms underlying IL-17’s roles in vivo and provide a theoretical basis for future studies aiming to regulate IL-17 expression and function. This review discusses recent progress in understanding the IL-17 signaling pathway and its physiological roles. In addition, we present the mechanism underlying IL-17’s role in various pathologies, particularly, in IL-17-induced systemic lupus erythematosus and IL-17-related tumor cell transformation and metastasis. In addition, we have briefly discussed promising developments in the diagnosis and treatment of autoimmune diseases and tumors.

WITHDRAWN: IL-17C plays a role in the pathophysiology of acute recurrent tonsillitis

“…Higher levels of interleukin-17 (IL-17) secreting T lymphocytes was detected in blood and tonsillar mononuclear cells in ART patients. IL-17 is a family of cytokines involved with inflammatory conditions and is comprised of 6 subsets from IL-17A to IL-17F (8). IL-17C is functionally distinct from the rest of the family and is selectively induced in epithelial and germinal cells when exposed to bacterial stimulation (9), is upregulated early in infection (10), and is involved with maintaining the integrity of the epithelial barrier during infection (11).…”

A high-performance metabolomic diagnostic panel for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer detection based on UPLC‒MS/MS

“…IL-17 is a universal cytokine in the TME that can induce the production of multiple factors, play a multifactorial role in tumour immunity, exert antitumour effects and promote tumour progression 30,31 . Abnormally elevated levels of IL-17 promote tumour progression by increasing cell proliferation and mutation rates and increasing immune tolerance in transformed cells 32 . Reppert et al performed qPCR on tissue samples from 25 NSCLC patients and reported that the expression of IL-17A was 10-fold greater in these patients than in healthy controls 33 .…”

Bazi Bushen ameliorates age-related energy metabolism dysregulation by targeting the IL-17/TNF inflammatory pathway associated with SASP

“…This suggests that chronic inflammation is a common phenomenon in different organs during the natural aging process. The TNF and IL-17 signaling pathways are involved in regulating metabolism and promoting an excessively inflammatory environment [ 74 , 75 ]. Moreover, beyond chronic inflammation, we also noticed that a large number of SASP genes were upregulated in both tissues.…”