The IBEX-Lo Sensor

Fuselier, S. A.; Bochsler, P.; Chornay, D.; Clark, G.; Crew, G. B.; Dunn, G.; Ellis, S.; Friedmann, T. A.; Funsten, H. O.; Ghielmetti, A. G.; Googins, J.; Granoff, M.; Hamilton, J. W.; Hanley, J.; Heirtzler, D.; Hertzberg, E.; Isaac, D.; King, B.; Knauss, U.; Kucharek, H.; Kudirka, F.; Livi, S.; Lobell, J.; Longworth, S.; Mashburn, K.; McComas, D. J.; Möbius, E.; Moore, Augustus S.; Moore, T. E.; Nemanich, R. J.; Nolin, J.; O’Neal, Michael; Piazza, Daniele; Peterson, L.; Pope, S.; Rosmarynowski, P.; Saul, L.; Scherrer, J.; Scheer, J.; Schlemm, C. E.; Schwadron, N. A.; Tillier, Clemens; Turco, Simona; Tyler, J.; Vosbury, M.; Wieser, Martin; Würz, Peter; Zaffke, S.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-1448-4_7

Cited by 18 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The IBEX payload consists of two single-pixel ENA cameras with large geometric factors, IBEX-Lo [29] and IBEX-Hi [30], whose Fields-of-View (FoV) lie perpendicular to the Sun-pointed spin axis. Their combined energy range is [10, 6000 eV] with overlap between 300 and 2000 eV.…”

Section: Overview Of the Ibex Missionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The IBEX-Lo sensor is a camera for energetic neutral atoms [29,32]. It maximises collection of the relatively weak heliospheric neutral atom signal while effectively suppressing background sources of local ions, electrons, and UV [31].…”

Section: Ibex-lo Sensormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The collimater defines a field of view of 7° × 7° in three 90° angular sectors (called the low resolution sectors) and 3.5° × 3.5° in the fourth angular sector (the high angular resolution sector). [29]). The sensor is rotationally symmetric about the centreline axis of the figure.…”

Section: Ibex-lo Sensormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…TOF3 (anode 3) determines the quadrant where the stop signal is registered. Each TOF is determined separately and encoded to 11 bits (0.16 ns resolution, [29]). …”

Section: Ibex-lo Sensormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the checksum test leaves a range of possible TOFs for each time of flight channel to account for energy and angular straggling in the carbon foils. Details of this detection technique are given in earlier publications [29,34]. The triple-coincidence detection is designed to effectively reject random background while maintaining high detection efficiency for negative ions.…”

Section: Ibex-lo Sensormentioning

confidence: 99%

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Signal Processing for the Measurement of the Deuterium/Hydrogen Ratio in the Local Interstellar Medium

Moreno

Würz

Saul

et al. 2014

Entropy

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Abstract:We report on a comprehensive signal processing procedure for very low signal levels for the measurement of neutral deuterium in the local interstellar medium from a spacecraft in Earth orbit. The deuterium measurements were performed with the IBEX-Lo camera on NASA's Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX) satellite. Our analysis technique for these data consists of creating a mass relation in three-dimensional time of flight space to accurately determine the position of the predicted D events, to precisely model the tail of the H events in the region where the H tail events are near the expected D events, and then to separate the H tail from the observations to extract the very faint D signal. This interstellar D OPEN ACCESSEntropy 2014, 16 1135 signal, which is expected to be a few counts per year, is extracted from a strong terrestrial background signal, consisting of sputter products from the sensor's conversion surface. As reference we accurately measure the terrestrial D/H ratio in these sputtered products and then discriminate this terrestrial background source. During the three years of the mission time when the deuterium signal was visible to IBEX, the observation geometry and orbit allowed for a total observation time of 115.3 days. Because of the spinning of the spacecraft and the stepping through eight energy channels the actual observing time of the interstellar wind was only 1.44 days. With the optimised data analysis we found three counts that could be attributed to interstellar deuterium. These results update our earlier work.

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Section: Overview Of the Ibex Missionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ibex-lo Sensormentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ibex-lo Sensormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…TOF3 (anode 3) determines the quadrant where the stop signal is registered. Each TOF is determined separately and encoded to 11 bits (0.16 ns resolution, [29]). …”

Section: Ibex-lo Sensormentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ibex-lo Sensormentioning

confidence: 99%

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Signal Processing for the Measurement of the Deuterium/Hydrogen Ratio in the Local Interstellar Medium

Moreno

Würz

Saul

et al. 2014

Entropy

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IBEX's Enigmatic Ribbon in the sky and its many possible sources

2014

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Launched in October 2008, NASA's Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX) has provided the first-ever energy-resolved all-sky maps of energetic neutral atom (ENA) emissions from the boundary of the heliosphere with the local interstellar medium (LISM). The maps reveal an enigmatic "Ribbon" of enhanced emissions superposed on a smoothly varying global distribution of ENA emissions. The Ribbon lies between the locations where the two Voyagers crossed the termination shock and was not sampled by them on their trajectories out through the heliosphere. IBEX's discovery of the Ribbon-a feature completely unpredicted by theory and numerical simulations-requires a new paradigm in our understanding of the heliosphere/LISM interaction. The Ribbon appears to be ordered by the interstellar magnetic field and the solar wind's latitudinal structure. The Ribbon's origin, whether from processes occurring in the heliosphere or beyond in the LISM, is unknown and the subject of intense investigation. Continued observations over the first 3 years of the IBEX mission have characterized the Ribbon, including its location, energy spectra, fine structure, and time variations. Here we review and compare the various hypotheses that have been proposed to explain the Ribbon, assess their ability to account for the features that have emerged from 3 years of careful analysis of the IBEX sky maps, and discuss how evolving theories and observations during IBEX's extended mission and by the National Research Council's recommended follow-on mission (the Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe) will be used to finally determine the true source of the Ribbon.

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The Low‐Energy Neutral Imager (LENI)

et al. 2016

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To achieve breakthroughs in the areas of heliospheric and magnetospheric energetic neutral atom (ENA) imaging, a new class of instruments is required. We present a high angular resolution ENA imager concept aimed at the suprathermal plasma populations with energies between 0.5 and 20 keV. This instrument is intended for understanding the spatial and temporal structure of the heliospheric boundary recently revealed by Interstellar Boundary Explorer instrumentation and the Cassini Ion and Neutral Camera. The instrument is also well suited to characterize magnetospheric ENA emissions from low‐altitude ENA emissions produced by precipitation of magnetospheric ions into the terrestrial upper atmosphere, or from the magnetosheath where solar wind protons are neutralized by charge exchange, or from portions of the ring current region. We present a new technique utilizing ultrathin carbon foils, 2‐D collimation, and a novel electron optical design to produce high angular resolution (≤2°) and high‐sensitivity (≥10−3 cm2 sr/pixel) ENA imaging in the 0.5–20 keV energy range.

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The IBEX-Lo Sensor

Cited by 18 publications

References 24 publications

Signal Processing for the Measurement of the Deuterium/Hydrogen Ratio in the Local Interstellar Medium

Signal Processing for the Measurement of the Deuterium/Hydrogen Ratio in the Local Interstellar Medium

IBEX's Enigmatic Ribbon in the sky and its many possible sources

The Low‐Energy Neutral Imager (LENI)

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