The <i>Venturia</i> Apple Pathosystem: Pathogenicity Mechanisms and Plant Defense Responses

Jha, Gopaljee; Thakur, Karnika; Thakur, Priyanka

doi:10.1155/2009/680160

Cited by 59 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…is a phytopathogenic fungus that causes Apple scab, the black spot disease of apple [1], [2], [3]. It causes deformation in shape and size of the affected fruits, premature leaf/fruit fall and enhances susceptibility of apple tree to chilling and freezing injuries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, its ability to be cultured on laboratory medium, possibility of in vitro mating, existence of extensive population diversity, uninucleate conidia, genetically uniform progenies, stability of genotype and phenotype of the progeny even after multiple rounds of sub-culturing and availability of standardized protocol for genetic manipulation, etc. makes it a useful model to study the pathogenesis of hemibiotrophic fungal pathogens [1], [2], [3]. V. inaequalis has broad geographical distribution and an interesting growth pattern.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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De Novo Transcriptome Sequencing and Analysis for Venturia inaequalis, the Devastating Apple Scab Pathogen

et al. 2013

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Venturia inaequalis is the causal agent of apple scab, one of the most devastating diseases of apple. Due to several distinct features, it has emerged as a model fungal pathogen to study various aspects of hemibiotrophic plant pathogen interactions. The present study reports de novo assembling, annotation and characterization of the transcriptome of V. inaequalis. Venturia transcripts expressed during its growth on laboratory medium and that expressed during its biotrophic stage of infection on apple were sequenced using Illumina RNAseq technology. A total of 94,350,055 reads (50 bp read length) specific to Venturia were obtained after filtering. The reads were assembled into 62,061 contigs representing 24,571 unique genes. GO analysis suggested prevalence of genes associated with biological process categories like metabolism, transport and response to stimulus. Genes associated with molecular function like binding, catalytic activities and transferase activities were found in majority. EC and KEGG pathway analyses suggested prevalence of genes encoding kinases, proteases, glycoside hydrolases, cutinases, cytochrome P450 and transcription factors. The study has identified several putative pathogenicity determinants and candidate effectors in V. inaequalis. A large number of transcripts encoding membrane transporters were identified and comparative analysis revealed that the number of transporters encoded by Venturia is significantly more as compared to that encoded by several other important plant fungal pathogens. Phylogenomics analysis indicated that V. inaequalis is closely related to Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (the causal organism of tan spot of wheat). In conclusion, the findings from this study provide a better understanding of the biology of the apple scab pathogen and have identified candidate genes/functions required for its pathogenesis. This work lays the foundation for facilitating further research towards understanding this host-pathogen interaction.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

De Novo Transcriptome Sequencing and Analysis for Venturia inaequalis, the Devastating Apple Scab Pathogen

et al. 2013

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“…A similar behavior was depicted for PR proteins and enzymes involved in generation of phytoalexins, lignifications, endochitinase, glycine-rich cell wall protein and polygalacturonase (Lee and Lee 2005). Most of these genes have been found to be expressed during the interaction between V. inaequalis and apple, in both resistant and susceptible cultivars (Jha et al 2009;Bowen et al 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-resolution genetic and physical map of the Rvi1 (Vg) apple scab resistance locus

et al. 2015

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Apple scab, caused by the fungal pathogen V. inaequalis, is one of the most prejudicial diseases in apple (Malus x domestica Borkh.). At least 17 monogenic resistances against this pathogen have been identified in the Malus genus, but only two, Rvi6 (Vf) and Rvi15 (Vr2), have been cloned and functionally characterized so far. Here, we describe the first steps of the cloning of a new scab resistance gene, Rvi1 (Vg). This gene is carried by the well-known cultivar 'Golden Delicious' and confers specific resistance against V. inaequalis strains carrying the AvrRvi1 avirulence factor. With a fine mapping approach on a population of 1,983 individuals, we developed SSR markers tightly linked to the Rvi1 gene. Sequencing of two bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones covering, respectively, the Rvi1 apple scab resistant and susceptible allele, allowed the identification of a 110-kilo base pairs (kbps) sequence flanked by two linked markers (Vg12- and Vg15-SSR). Open reading frames were predicted on these BACs: four TIR-NBS-LRR (TNL) putative genes, a putative TNL pseudogene and one serine/threonine protein phosphatase 2A were identified

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“…To date, 17+ R genes mediating Malus-V. inaequalis interactions have been described (Gessler et al, 2006;Bus et al, 2011;Jha et al, 2009). These genes each impart pathogen race-specific resistance following the gene-for-gene model first described by Flor (1956).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the defence response to Venturia inaequalis in ‘Honeycrisp’ apple, its ancestors, and progeny

et al. 2014

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The Venturia Apple Pathosystem: Pathogenicity Mechanisms and Plant Defense Responses

Cited by 59 publications

References 96 publications

De Novo Transcriptome Sequencing and Analysis for Venturia inaequalis, the Devastating Apple Scab Pathogen

De Novo Transcriptome Sequencing and Analysis for Venturia inaequalis, the Devastating Apple Scab Pathogen

High-resolution genetic and physical map of the Rvi1 (Vg) apple scab resistance locus

Characterization of the defence response to Venturia inaequalis in ‘Honeycrisp’ apple, its ancestors, and progeny

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