The trithorax Group Gene moira Encodes a Brahma-Associated Putative Chromatin-Remodeling Factor in Drosophila melanogaster

Crosby, Madeline A.; Miller, Chaya; Alon, Tamar; Watson, Kellie L.; Verrijzer, C. Peter; Goldman-Levi, Ronit; Zak, Naomi B.

doi:10.1128/mcb.19.2.1159

Cited by 118 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…In addition, BRG1 interacts directly with the SANT domain of SRG3. Similarly, it was shown that MOIRA, a Drosophila homologue of SRG3, interacts with BRM through the SANT domain (23). It was recently reported that BAF155 interacts with BAF57 through the leucine-zipper motif (24).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SRG3 Interacts Directly with the Major Components of the SWI/SNF Chromatin Remodeling Complex and Protects Them from Proteasomal Degradation

Sohn

Lee

et al. 2007

Journal of Biological Chemistry

103

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The mammalian SWI/SNF complex is an evolutionarily conserved ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complex that consists of nine or more components. SRG3, a murine homologue of yeast SWI3, Drosophila MOIRA, and human BAF155, is a core component of the murine SWI/SNF complex required for the regulation of transcriptional processes associated with development, cellular differentiation, and proliferation. Here we report that SRG3 interacts directly with other components of the mammalian SWI/SNF complex such as SNF5, BRG1, and BAF60a. The SWIRM domain and the SANT domain were required for SRG3-SNF5 and SRG3-BRG1 interactions, respectively. In addition, SRG3 stabilized SNF5, BRG1, and BAF60a by attenuating their proteasomal degradation, suggesting its general role in the stabilization of the SWI/SNF complex. Such a stabilization effect of SRG3 was not only observed in the in vitro cell system, but also in cells isolated from SRG3 transgenic mice or knock-out mice haploinsufficient for the Srg3 gene. Taken together, these results suggest the critical role of SRG3 in the post-transcriptional stabilization of the major components of the SWI/SNF complex.The mammalian SWI/SNF complexes are evolutionarily conserved ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complexes, which use the energy of ATP hydrolysis to mobilize nucleosomes and remodel chromatin structure (1, 2). These complexes play important roles in transcriptional regulation, thereby controlling diverse cellular processes including proliferation, differentiation, cell death, and tumorigenesis (3-6). The mammalian SWI/SNF complexes are multisubunit complexes that consist of invariant core components and variable components (7). The subunit diversity of mammalian SWI/ SNF complexes suggests that different complexes might have tissue-specific roles during development (8). The core components of the mammalian SWI/SNF complexes are BRG1 or hBRM, SNF5/INI1/BAF47, BAF155/SRG3, and BAF170 (9). BRG1 and BRM are DNA-dependent ATPase homologous to yeast SWI2/SNF2. Biochemical experiments have shown that although BRG1 or BRM alone can remodel nucleosomal arrays, the addition of other core components (BAF155, BAF170, and SNF5) to BRG1 stimulates the remodeling activity of BRG1 at a rate that is comparable with the entire complex in vitro (10).Human SNF5 was initially identified by the yeast two-hybrid system through its interaction with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase (11). It was shown that human SNF5 interacts with c-Myc, thereby enhancing c-Myc-mediated transactivation by recruiting the SWI/SNF complex to the E-box (12). Furthermore, human SNF5 is known as a tumor suppressor in atypical teratoid and malignant rhabdoid tumors and the majority of these tumors have deletion or point mutations in SNF5 leading to disruption of normal function of SNF5 (13,14).Srg3 (Swi3-related gene), a murine homologue of yeast Swi3, Drosophila Moira, and human Baf155, was initially isolated as a gene highly expressed in the thymus but at a low level in the peripheral lymphoid organ (15). It...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SRG3 Interacts Directly with the Major Components of the SWI/SNF Chromatin Remodeling Complex and Protects Them from Proteasomal Degradation

Sohn

Lee

et al. 2007

Journal of Biological Chemistry

103

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“…The moira gene encodes an RNA polymerase II transcription factor that is essential for the transcriptional regulation and activity of multiple homeotic and segmentation genes, including antennapedia (40). moira is ubiquitously expressed in early development and is highly concentrated in the CNS at later stages of embryonic development (41). Embryos injected with moira dsRNA exhibited abnormal commissures (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genes required for Drosophila nervous system development identified by RNA interference

Ivanov

Rovescalli

Pozzi

et al. 2004

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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RNA interference was used to screen 3,314 Drosophila doublestranded RNAs, corresponding to Ϸ25% of Drosophila genes, for genes that affect the development of the embryonic nervous system. RNA-interference-mediated gene silencing in Drosophila embryos resulted in loss-of-function mutant phenotypes for 43 genes, which is 1.3% of the genes that were screened. We found 18 genes that were not known previously to affect the development of the nervous system. The functions of some of the genes are unknown. Other genes encode protein kinases, transcription factors, and signaling proteins, as well as proteins with other functions.embryonic nervous system ͉ neural mutants ͉ neural development

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“…Another possibility is that the brahma and SuUR genes have a common origin but different functions. In any case, these observations provide additional arguments in favor of the idea that functional division into PcG repressors and trxG activators may be oversimplified (9,28). DISCUSSION The main result of this study demonstrates that SuUR is a DNA-binding protein that interacts in a specific way with BRs, sequences that separate forum domains.…”

Section: Binding Of Suur To Twomentioning

confidence: 66%

“…SuUR possesses ATPase/helicase domains found in the SNF2 family of trxG proteins in which it catalyzes ATP-dependent alterations in nucleosomal organization (28). Thus, SuUR could be considered a putative chromatin-remodeling factor, but the nature of its effect is not clear.…”

Section: Suur Protein Has Several Domains That Are Homologous To the mentioning

confidence: 99%

SuUR Protein Binds to the Boundary Regions Separating Forum Domains in Drosophila melanogaster

Tchurikov

Kretova

Chernov

et al. 2004

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Forum domains are 50 -150 kb DNA fragments that are released during spontaneous fragmentation of chromosomes. They are separated by islands of putative heterochromatin boundary regions. The SuUR protein, which is involved in the control of chromosome organization, is localized exclusively in heterochromatin and often colocalizes on chromosomes with Polycomb group proteins. To test whether the SuUR protein is associated with boundary regions, we used gel retardation assays and found that the SuUR protein binds specifically to boundary regions and that boundary regions are under-replicated. These results suggest that the regular distribution of boundary regions in chromosomes may represent the dispersion of sites designed for chromosomal silencing.

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The trithorax Group Gene moira Encodes a Brahma-Associated Putative Chromatin-Remodeling Factor in Drosophila melanogaster

Cited by 118 publications

References 53 publications

SRG3 Interacts Directly with the Major Components of the SWI/SNF Chromatin Remodeling Complex and Protects Them from Proteasomal Degradation

SRG3 Interacts Directly with the Major Components of the SWI/SNF Chromatin Remodeling Complex and Protects Them from Proteasomal Degradation

Genes required for Drosophila nervous system development identified by RNA interference

SuUR Protein Binds to the Boundary Regions Separating Forum Domains in Drosophila melanogaster

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