TheTrichoderma reeseihydrophobin geneshfb1andhfb2have diverse functions in fungal development

Askolin, Sanna; Penttilä, Merja; Wösten, Han A. B.; Nakari-Setälä, Tiina

doi:10.1016/j.femsle.2005.09.047

Cited by 77 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Two out of seven of the predicted hydrophobin genes are expressed during submerged fermentation (Supplementary Table 7). By modifying the expression of hydrophobin genes, the cell wall composition and hyphal morphology of A. niger may be altered, for example, to improve protein production 22 . Several genes involved in autolysis are present 16,23 .…”

Section: Cell Wall Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome sequencing and analysis of the versatile cell factory Aspergillus niger CBS 513.88

et al. 2007

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The filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger is widely exploited by the fermentation industry for the production of enzymes and organic acids, particularly citric acid. We sequenced the 33.9-megabase genome of A. niger CBS 513.88, the ancestor of currently used enzyme production strains. A high level of synteny was observed with other aspergilli sequenced. Strong function predictions were made for 6,506 of the 14,165 open reading frames identified. A detailed description of the components of the protein secretion pathway was made and striking differences in the hydrolytic enzyme spectra of aspergilli were observed. A reconstructed metabolic network comprising 1,069 unique reactions illustrates the versatile metabolism of A. niger. Noteworthy is the large number of major facilitator superfamily transporters and fungal zinc binuclear cluster transcription factors, and the presence of putative gene clusters for fumonisin and ochratoxin A synthesis.

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Section: Cell Wall Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome sequencing and analysis of the versatile cell factory Aspergillus niger CBS 513.88

et al. 2007

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“…A major characteristic of the T87-tomato interaction was the large number of downregulated hydrophobin probe sets (24). Hydrophobins are small proteins that are found on the outer surfaces of both hyphal and conidial cell walls, where they mediate interactions between the fungus and the environment , and some Trichoderma hydrophobin genes have been implicated in hyphal development and conidiation (Askolin et al, 2005;Mendoza-Mendoza et al, 2007;Muñoz et al, 1997) and root colonization (Viterbo & Chet, 2006). In previous studies the upregulation of the Hfb2 gene of T. reesei in media containing complex plant polysaccharides (Nakari-Setälä et al, 1997), the activation of a hydrophobin of T. atroviride in interactions with bean roots and the upregulation of a hydrophobin homologous gene in T. harzianum T34 interacting with tomato roots (Samolski et al, 2009) have been reported.…”

Section: T Harzianum T34 Genes Differentially Expressed In Response mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative study of Trichoderma gene expression in interactions with tomato plants using high-density oligonucleotide microarrays

et al. 2012

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Trichoderma spp. are widely used as biopesticides and biofertilizers to control diseases and to promote positive physiological responses in plants. In vitro and in vivo assays with Trichoderma harzianum CECT 2413 (T34), Trichoderma virens Gv29-8 (T87) and Trichoderma hamatum IMI 224801 (T7) revealed that these strains affected the growth and development of lateral roots in tomato plants in different ways. The early expression profiles of these Trichoderma strains were studied after 20 h of incubation in the presence of tomato plants, using a high-density oligonucleotide (HDO) microarray, and compared to the profiles in the absence of plants. Out of the total 34 138 Trichoderma probe sets deposited on the microarray, 1077 (3.15 %) showed a significant change of at least 2-fold in expression in the presence of tomato plants. The numbers of probe sets identified in the individual Trichoderma strains were 593 in T. harzianum T34, 336 in T. virens T87 and 94 in T. hamatum T7. Carbohydrate metabolism -the chitin degradation enzymes N-acetylglucosamine-6-phosphate deacetylase, glucosamine-6-phosphate deaminase and chitinase -was the most significantly overrepresented process commonly observed in the three Trichoderma strains in early interactions with tomato plants. Strains T7 and T34, which had similar positive effects on plant development in biological assays, showed a significantly overrepresented hexokinase activity in interaction with tomato. In addition, genes encoding a 40S ribosomal protein and a P23 tumour protein were altered in both these strains.

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“…Our information about the roles of hydrophobins in the physiology of Trichoderma as well as other ascomycetous fungi is mostly derived from reversed genetics of a few major members (3,4,(19)(20)(21)(22). In Hypocrea jecorina (ϭ Trichoderma reesei), two major class II hydrophobins (HFB-1 and HFB-2) have been studied in detail (4) and shown to be formed under different physiological conditions (29).…”

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Differential Regulation and Posttranslational Processing of the Class II Hydrophobin Genes from the Biocontrol FungusHypocrea atroviridis

Mikus

Lóránt

Neuhof³

et al. 2009

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Hydrophobins are small extracellular proteins, unique to and ubiquitous in filamentous fungi, which mediate interactions between the fungus and environment. The mycoparasitic fungus Hypocrea atroviridis has recently been shown to possess 10 different class II hydrophobin genes, which is a much higher number than that of any other ascomycete investigated so far. In order to learn the potential advantage of this hydrophobin multiplicity for the fungus, we have investigated their expression patterns under different physiological conditions (e.g., vegetative growth), various conditions inducing sporulation (light, carbon starvation, and mechanical injury-induced stress), and confrontation with potential hosts for mycoparasitism. The results show that the 10 hydrophobins display different patterns of response to these conditions: one hydrophobin (encoded by hfb-2b) is constitutively induced under all conditions, whereas other hydrophobins were formed only under conditions of carbon starvation (encoded by hfb-1c and hfb-6c) or light plus carbon starvation (encoded by hfb-2c, hfb-6a, and hfb-6b). The hydrophobins encoded by hfb-1b and hfb-5a were primarily formed during vegetative growth and under mechanical injury-provoked stress. hfb-22a was not expressed under any conditions and is likely a pseudogene. None of the 10 genes showed a specific expression pattern during mycoparasitic interaction. Most, but not all, of the expression patterns under the three different conditions of sporulation were dependent on one or both of the two blue-light regulator proteins BLR1 and BLR2, as shown by the use of respective loss-of-function mutants. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry of mycelial solvent extracts provided sets of molecular ions corresponding to HFB-1b, HFB-2a, HFB-2b, and HFB-5a in their oxidized and processed forms. These in silico-deduced sequences of the hydrophobins indicate cleavages at known signal peptide sites as well as additional N-and C-terminal processing. Mass peaks observed during confrontation with plant-pathogenic fungi indicate further proteolytic attack on the hydrophobins. Our study illustrates both divergent and redundant functions of the 10 hydrophobins of H. atroviridis.

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TheTrichoderma reeseihydrophobin geneshfb1andhfb2have diverse functions in fungal development

Cited by 77 publications

References 31 publications

Genome sequencing and analysis of the versatile cell factory Aspergillus niger CBS 513.88

Genome sequencing and analysis of the versatile cell factory Aspergillus niger CBS 513.88

Comparative study of Trichoderma gene expression in interactions with tomato plants using high-density oligonucleotide microarrays

Differential Regulation and Posttranslational Processing of the Class II Hydrophobin Genes from the Biocontrol FungusHypocrea atroviridis

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