The<i>Rubus</i>Leafhopper and its Egg Parasitoid: An Endemic Biotic System Useful in Grape-Pest Management

Doutt, Richard L.; Nakata, J.K.

doi:10.1093/ee/2.3.381

Cited by 118 publications

(63 citation statements)

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“…Researchers exploiting asynchronies in emergence times can use alternative prey as a temporal bridge between natural enemies and pest species. These techniques have been successful in a number of systems (Doutt andNakata 1973, Langer andHance 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergence asynchrony between herbivores leads to apparent competition in the field

Blitzer

Welter

2011

Ecology

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Abstract. It has been established that herbivore populations can be structured by apparent competition, even if they do not compete directly for resources. But we lack evidence on the mechanisms behind such indirect competition. This study shows that temporal asynchronies in emergence time lead to apparent competition via shared natural enemies in a leafminer-parasitoid community. We present three kinds of evidence on mechanisms driving apparent competition. First, we conducted a two-year population census of Liriomyza helianthi and Calycomyza platyptera, along with all associated parasitoids, at seven sites in the Californian Central Valley, USA. We then assessed C. platyptera parasitism on 16 vegetation islands, half with experimental removal of early-season L. helianthi populations. Finally, we examined parasitoid host preference between leafminer species. We found that Liriomyza helianthi populations emerged approximately one month before C. platyptera. Experimental removal of L. helianthi populations in the early summer led to a 60% reduction in parasitism of C. platyptera. We found no evidence of differential parasitoid preference for host species. The findings suggest that temporal asynchrony can lead to negative effects on later-emerging species and that such indirect competition may be a major structuring force in herbivore communities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergence asynchrony between herbivores leads to apparent competition in the field

Blitzer

Welter

2011

Ecology

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“…1980. Generalist enemies do exploit different victims at different times (Evenhuis 1966, Hodek 1966, Flaherty 1969, Burleigh et al 1973, Doutt & Nakata 1973, Hagen et al 1976, Mayse & Price 1978, Carroll & Hoyt 1986. Murdoch (1969Murdoch ( , 1973 and Murdoch & Marks (1972) found that insect predators demonstrate the predicted Type 3 functional response and control population outbreaks.…”

Section: "(D)iverse Habitats Offer Many Important Requisites For Adulmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enemies Hypothesis: A Review of the Effect of Vegetational Diversity on Predatory Insects and Parasitoids

Russell

1989

Environmental Entomology

376

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“…Given the generalist tendencies of most predatory arthropods, it is generally thought that their impact on a particular prey species in a given habitat (e.g., an insect pest in a crop) will depend frequently on the local availability of alternate prey (with "prey" broadly including plant resources such as fruit and pollen in the case of omnivorous predators) (e.g., van Emden, 1965;Symondson et al, 2002). Similarly, the impact of parasitoids may also depend on the availability of alternate hosts (e.g., Doutt & Nakata, 1973;Settle & Wilson, 1990;Müller & Godfray, 1999a;Langer & Hance, 2004), or non-hosts or plants that provide key nutrition for parasitoid females (e.g., honeydewproducing aphids; Evans, 1994 and references therein). Thus, from a slightly different perspective, aphids, other herbivorous insects, and plants often may interact indirectly through shared natural enemies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multitrophic interactions among plants, aphids, alternate prey and shared natural enemies - a review

Evans¹

2008

Eur. J. Entomol.

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Abstract. Given the generalist tendencies of most predatory arthropods, it is widely thought that their impact on a particular prey species in a given habitat (e.g., an insect pest in a crop) will depend frequently on the local availability of other prey (which for omnivorous predators, can include plant resources, such as fruit and pollen). Thus, from a slightly different perspective, aphids, other herbivorous insects, and plants often may interact indirectly by sharing natural enemies. Such interactions may be either negative or positive, as in the concepts of apparent competition and apparent mutualism, and may therefore have variable impact on the herbivores' host plants as well. I examine the different mechanisms for such indirect effects among herbivores as explored in the experimental literature. An impressive collective effort by numerous researchers recently has expanded considerably our empirical base of support for a variety of hypothesized mechanisms; aphids stand out as the most commonly studied subjects in research on these mechanisms. I therefore focus especially on the recent literature of cases involving aphids interacting indirectly with other prey for generalist predators. My remarks are organized by considering how the availability of alternate prey may alter functional and numerical (aggregative and reproductive) responses of predators to focal prey density. Although the distinctions among these different classes of predator responses and the associated indirect effects are often blurred and scale-dependent, this classification remains useful for organizing the diverse ways in which aphids have been found to participate in indirect interactions among prey as mediated by predators. Collectively, the results of the numerous studies reviewed here suggest that many such indirect interactions likely occur frequently in natural settings, with consequences ultimately for host plant performance.

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TheRubusLeafhopper and its Egg Parasitoid: An Endemic Biotic System Useful in Grape-Pest Management

Cited by 118 publications

References 0 publications

Emergence asynchrony between herbivores leads to apparent competition in the field

Emergence asynchrony between herbivores leads to apparent competition in the field

Enemies Hypothesis: A Review of the Effect of Vegetational Diversity on Predatory Insects and Parasitoids

Multitrophic interactions among plants, aphids, alternate prey and shared natural enemies - a review

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