The rsmA-like Gene rsmAXcc of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris Is Involved in the Control of Various Cellular Processes, Including Pathogenesis

Chao, Naixia; Wei, Ke; Chen, Qi; Meng, Qinglin; Tang, Dongjie; He, Yanan; Lu, Guang‐Tao; Jiang, Bo-Le; Liang, Xiaoyan; Feng, Jia‐Xun; Chen, Baoshan; Tang, Ji‐Liang

doi:10.1094/mpmi-21-4-0411

Cited by 55 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Recently, we have demonstrated that RsmA and DsbB of X. campestris pv. campestris, which are required for full virulence, are involved in various cellular processes, including cell motility (10,30). More recently, it has been shown that the virulence-deficient mutants derived from a mutation in the genes XC_2249 and XC_3221 of the X. campestris pv.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Adenosine Kinase Exists inXanthomonas campestrisPathovar campestris and Is Involved in Extracellular Polysaccharide Production, Cell Motility, and Virulence

Yong-qin

et al. 2009

J Bacteriol

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Adenosine kinase (ADK) is a purine salvage enzyme and a typical housekeeping enzyme in eukaryotes which catalyzes the phosphorylation of adenosine to form AMP. Since prokaryotes synthesize purines de novo and no endogenous ADK activity is detectable in Escherichia coli, ADK has long been considered to be rare in bacteria. To date, only two prokaryotes, both of which are gram-positive bacteria, have been reported to contain ADK. Here we report that the gram-negative bacterium Xanthomonas campestris pathovar campestris, the causal agent of black rot of crucifers, possesses a gene (designated adk Xcc ) encoding an ADK (named ADK Xcc ), and we demonstrate genetically that the ADK Xcc is involved in extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) production, cell motility, and pathogenicity of X. campestris pv. campestris. adk Xcc was overexpressed as a His 6 -tagged protein in E. coli, and the purified His 6 -tagged protein exhibited ADK activity. Mutation of adk Xcc did not affect bacterial growth in rich and minimal media but led to an accumulation of intracellular adenosine and diminutions of intracellular ADK activity and ATP level, as well as EPS. The adk Xcc mutant displayed significant reductions in bacterial growth and virulence in the host plant.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Adenosine Kinase Exists inXanthomonas campestrisPathovar campestris and Is Involved in Extracellular Polysaccharide Production, Cell Motility, and Virulence

Yong-qin

et al. 2009

J Bacteriol

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“…campestris and X. axonopodis pv. citri pathovars (100,358). In both cases, RsmA promoted virulence through the activation of genes associated with a T3SS.…”

Section: Plant Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…campestris and significantly reduces the hypersensitive response in nonsusceptible hosts (358). Deletion of rsmA significantly reduced motility and the extracellular levels of virulence factors, including endoglucanase, amylase, and extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) (also called "xanthan gum").…”

Section: Plant Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Bacterial Virulence by Csr (Rsm) Systems

Vakulskas

Potts

Babitzke

et al. 2015

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

295

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SUMMARY Most bacterial pathogens have the remarkable ability to flourish in the external environment and in specialized host niches. This ability requires their metabolism, physiology, and virulence factors to be responsive to changes in their surroundings. It is no surprise that the underlying genetic circuitry that supports this adaptability is multilayered and exceedingly complex. Studies over the past 2 decades have established that the CsrA/RsmA proteins, global regulators of posttranscriptional gene expression, play important roles in the expression of virulence factors of numerous proteobacterial pathogens. To accomplish these tasks, CsrA binds to the 5′ untranslated and/or early coding regions of mRNAs and alters translation, mRNA turnover, and/or transcript elongation. CsrA activity is regulated by noncoding small RNAs (sRNAs) that contain multiple CsrA binding sites, which permit them to sequester multiple CsrA homodimers away from mRNA targets. Environmental cues sensed by two-component signal transduction systems and other regulatory factors govern the expression of the CsrA-binding sRNAs and, ultimately, the effects of CsrA on secretion systems, surface molecules and biofilm formation, quorum sensing, motility, pigmentation, siderophore production, and phagocytic avoidance. This review presents the workings of the Csr system, the paradigm shift that it generated for understanding posttranscriptional regulation, and its roles in virulence networks of animal and plant pathogens.

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“…In both strains, deletion of rsmA led to a loss of pathogenicity, which was associated with an altered expression of hrp-and rpf-genes. [51][52][53] These mutants also showed pleiotropic phenotypes, e.g., higher levels of intracellular glycogen, increased bacterial adhesion and aggregation, and reduced production of extracellular enzymes. [51][52][53] RsmA in Xanthomonas spp.…”

Section: 38mentioning

confidence: 99%