The <i>etr1‐2</i> mutation in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> affects the abscisic acid, auxin, cytokinin and gibberellin metabolic pathways during maintenance of seed dormancy, moist‐chilling and germination

Chiwocha, Sheila; Cutler, Adrian J.; Abrams, Suzanne R.; Ambrose, Stephen J.; Yang, Jenny J.; Ross, Andrew R. S.; Kermode, Allison R.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-313x.2005.02359.x

Cited by 287 publications

(217 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Here, we demonstrate that within 3 days the free-ABA content of pollinated tomato ovaries decreases to approximately 30% of that in unpollinated ovaries. A decrease in ABA concentration to 50 or 25% of the original concentration has also been measured in other physiological systems, such as in dormancy breakage in seeds (Chiwocha et al 2005) and tubers (Destefano-Beltran et al 2006). The relative decrease in ABA content in the tomato ovary is comparable to those observed in other processes in which ABA level is of physiological importance.…”

Section: Aba Contentsupporting

confidence: 61%

Abscisic acid levels in tomato ovaries are regulated by LeNCED1 and SlCYP707A1

Nitsch

Oplaat

Feron

et al. 2009

Planta

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Although the hormones, gibberellin and auxin, are known to play a role in the initiation of fruits, no such function has yet been demonstrated for abscisic acid (ABA). However, ABA signaling and ABA responses are high in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) ovaries before pollination and decrease thereafter (Vriezen et al. in New Phytol 177:60-76, 2008). As a Wrst step to understanding the role of ABA in ovary development and fruit set in tomato, we analyzed ABA content and the expression of genes involved in its metabolism in relation to pollination. We show that ABA levels are relatively high in mature ovaries and decrease directly after pollination, while an increase in the ABA metabolite dihydrophaseic acid was measured. An important regulator of ABA biosynthesis in tomato is 9-cis-epoxy-carotenoid dioxygenase (LeNCED1), whose mRNA level in ovaries is reduced after pollination. The increased catabolism is likely caused by strong induction of one of four newly identiWed putative (+)ABA 8Ј-hydroxylase genes. This gene was named SlCYP707A1 and is expressed speciWcally in ovules and placenta. Transgenic plants, overexpressing SlCYP707A1, have reduced ABA levels and exhibit ABA-deWcient phenotypes suggesting that this gene encodes a functional ABA 8Ј-hydroxylase. Gibberellin and auxin application have diVerent eVects on the LeNCED1 and SlCYP707A1 gene expression. The crosstalk between auxins, gibberellins and ABA during fruit set is discussed.

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Section: Aba Contentsupporting

confidence: 61%

Abscisic acid levels in tomato ovaries are regulated by LeNCED1 and SlCYP707A1

Nitsch

Oplaat

Feron

et al. 2009

Planta

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“…This is in marked contrast to imbibed seeds that have received a previous dormancybreaking treatment (moist-chilling, nitrate, or fluridone), in which ABA levels continue to decline during imbibition (Ali-Rachedi and others 2004). Seeds of the commonly used accessions of Arabidopsis such as Columbia (which are less dormant than seeds of the Cvi ecotype), show a decline in ABA levels upon imbibition in the absence of a previous dormancy-breaking treatment; however, the seeds do not show the large increase in the ABA metabolite ABA glucosylester, which is characteristic of their non-dormant (moist-chilled and imbibed) counterparts (Chiwocha and others 2005).…”

Section: Post-translational Modification and Protein Degradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The products of 8' hydroxylation of Role of Abscisic Acid in Dormancy ABA (PA and DPA) also accumulate in after-ripened Arabidopsis (Columbia) seeds over the first 24 h of imbibition (Kushiro and others 2004). In previously moist-chilled Arabidopsis (Columbia) seeds, the major product of ABA metabolism is ABA glucose ester; PA and DPA remain at steady state and low levels over the first 48 h of imbibition (Chiwocha and others 2005).…”

Section: Post-translational Modification and Protein Degradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Abscisic Acid in Seed Dormancy

Kermode

2005

J Plant Growth Regul

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249

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Seed dormancy is an adaptive trait that improves survival of the next generation by optimizing the distribution of germination over time. The agricultural and forest industries rely on seeds that exhibit high rates of germination and vigorous, synchronous growth after germination; hence dormancy is sometimes considered an undesirable trait. The forest industry encounters problems with the pronounced dormancy of some conifer seeds, a feature that can lead to non-uniform germination and poor seedling vigor. In cereal crops, an optimum balance is most sought after; some dormancy at harvest is favored because it prevents germination of the physiologically mature grain in the head prior to harvest (that is, preharvest sprouting), a phenomenon that leads to considerable damage to grain quality and is especially prominent in cool moist environments. The sesquiterpene abscisic acid (ABA) regulates key events during seed formation, such as the deposition of storage reserves, prevention of precocious germination, acquisition of desiccation tolerance, and induction of primary dormancy. Its regulatory role is achieved in part by cross-talk with other hormones and their associated signaling networks, via mechanisms that are largely unknown. Quantitative genetics and functional genomics approaches will contribute to the elucidation of genes and proteins that control seed dormancy and germination, including components of the ABA signal transduction pathway. Dynamic changes in ABA biosynthesis and catabolism elicit hormone-signaling changes that affect downstream gene expression and thereby regulate critical checkpoints at the transitions from dormancy to germination and from germination to growth. Some of the recent developments in these areas are discussed.

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“…Profiling was conducted at the National Research Council Plant Biotechnology Institute in Saskatoon, Canada, according to Chiwocha et al (2005).…”

Section: Metabolite Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Chloroplast Triggers Developmental Reprogramming When MUTS HOMOLOG1 Is Suppressed in Plants

Santamaria

Virdi

et al. 2012

Plant Physiology

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Multicellular eukaryotes demonstrate nongenetic, heritable phenotypic versatility in their adaptation to environmental changes. This inclusive inheritance is composed of interacting epigenetic, maternal, and environmental factors. Yet-unidentified maternal effects can have a pronounced influence on plant phenotypic adaptation to changing environmental conditions. To explore the control of phenotypy in higher plants, we examined the effect of a single plant nuclear gene on the expression and transmission of phenotypic variability in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). MutS HOMOLOG1 (MSH1) is a plant-specific nuclear gene product that functions in both mitochondria and plastids to maintain genome stability. RNA interference suppression of the gene elicits strikingly similar programmed changes in plant growth pattern in six different plant species, changes subsequently heritable independent of the RNA interference transgene. The altered phenotypes reflect multiple pathways that are known to participate in adaptation, including altered phytohormone effects for dwarfed growth and reduced internode elongation, enhanced branching, reduced stomatal density, altered leaf morphology, delayed flowering, and extended juvenility, with conversion to perennial growth pattern in short days. Some of these effects are partially reversed with the application of gibberellic acid. Genetic hemicomplementation experiments show that this phenotypic plasticity derives from changes in chloroplast state. Our results suggest that suppression of MSH1, which occurs under several forms of abiotic stress, triggers a plastidial response process that involves nongenetic inheritance.

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The etr1‐2 mutation in Arabidopsis thaliana affects the abscisic acid, auxin, cytokinin and gibberellin metabolic pathways during maintenance of seed dormancy, moist‐chilling and germination

Cited by 287 publications

References 45 publications

Abscisic acid levels in tomato ovaries are regulated by LeNCED1 and SlCYP707A1

Abscisic acid levels in tomato ovaries are regulated by LeNCED1 and SlCYP707A1

Role of Abscisic Acid in Seed Dormancy

The Chloroplast Triggers Developmental Reprogramming When MUTS HOMOLOG1 Is Suppressed in Plants

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