The <i>Escherichia coli</i> protein, Fis: specific binding to the ends of phage Mu DNA and modulation of phage growth

Bétermier, Mireille; Lefrère, Valérie; Koch, Christian A.; Alazard, Robert; Chandler, M.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1989.tb00192.x

Cited by 36 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(20 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Fis also stimulates DNA excision in the case of the -like phage HK022 but, in addition, serves to repress a DNA inversion event upon establishment of lysogeny which would otherwise yield defective lysogens (10). Increased stability of and Mu lysogens is also observed in the presence of Fis (3,5,6). Even transposition frequencies of transposon Tn5 and insertion sequence IS50 are found to be influenced by Fis (60).…”

mentioning

confidence: 76%

Sequence, regulation, and functions of fis in Salmonella typhimurium

et al. 1995

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The fis operon from Salmonella typhimurium has been cloned and sequenced, and the properties of Fisdeficient and Fis-constitutive strains were examined. The overall fis operon organization in S. typhimurium is the same as that in Escherichia coli, with the deduced Fis amino acid sequences being identical between both species. While the open reading frames upstream of fis have diverged slightly, the promoter regions between the two species are also identical between ؊49 and ؉94. Fis protein and mRNA levels fluctuated dramatically during the course of growth in batch cultures, peaking at ϳ40,000 dimers per cell in early exponential phase, and were undetectable after growth in stationary phase. fis autoregulation was less effective in S. typhimurium than that in E. coli, which can be correlated with the absence or reduced affinity of several Fis-binding sites in the S. typhimurium fis promoter region. Phenotypes of fis mutants include loss of Hin-mediated DNA inversion, cell filamentation, reduced growth rates in rich medium, and increased lag times when the mutants are subcultured after prolonged growth in stationary phase. On the other hand, cells constitutively expressing Fis exhibited normal logarithmic growth but showed a sharp reduction in survival during stationary phase. During the course of these studies, the 28 -dependent promoter within the hin-invertible segment that is responsible for fljB (H2) flagellin synthesis was precisely located.An increasing number of functions are being assigned to the Fis protein (factor for inversion stimulation) in Escherichia coli. Many of these functions have been associated with sitespecific DNA recombination events. Fis was first identified as a factor from E. coli that is required to stimulate site-specific DNA inversion reactions mediated by Salmonella typhimurium Hin (26), by Mu phage Gin (27), and by P1 phage Cin recombinases (20). Fis was also shown to stimulate phage DNA excision and integration (2, 3, 57), which is a mechanistically different DNA recombination reaction (8, 34). Fis also stimulates DNA excision in the case of the -like phage HK022 but, in addition, serves to repress a DNA inversion event upon establishment of lysogeny which would otherwise yield defective lysogens (10). Increased stability of and Mu lysogens is also observed in the presence of Fis (3, 5, 6). Even transposition frequencies of transposon Tn5 and insertion sequence IS50 are found to be influenced by Fis (60).Other functions of Fis are unrelated to specialized DNA recombination and may offer greater competitive advantage to the cell. One such function is its role in stimulating the synthesis of components of the translational machinery. For example, Fis stimulates transcription of rRNA and tRNA genes and genes for proteins involved in translation (19,35,40,51,56). Another role for Fis has been suggested in initiation of chromosomal DNA replication at oriC (12, 16). Cells carrying a fis null mutation show decreased stability of oriC minichromosomes (12, 16) and cannot reinitiate DNA re...

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 76%

Sequence, regulation, and functions of fis in Salmonella typhimurium

et al. 1995

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This sequence, called UAS for upstream activator sequence, appeared to be the target of a trans-activating protein (34), which we subsequently identified as the protein FIS (3,25). Up till then this heat-stable protein was only known to be involved in site-specific recombination (2,17,30 …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

FIS-dependent trans activation of stable RNA operons of Escherichia coli under various growth conditions

et al. 1992

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In Escherichia coli transcription of the tRNA operon thrU (tuJB) and the rRNA operon rrnB is trans-activated by the protein FIS. This protein, which stimulates the inversion of various viral DNA segments, binds specifically to a cis-acting sequence (designated UAS) upstream of the promoter of thrU (tuJB) and the P1 promoter of the rrnB operon. There are indications that this type of regulation is representative for the regulation of more stable RNA operons. In the present investigation we have studied UAS-dependent transcription activation of the thrU (tuiB) operon in the presence and absence of FIS during a normal bacterial growth cycle and after a nutritional shift-up. In early log phase the expression of the operon rises steeply in wild-type cells, whereafter it declines. Concomitantly, a peak of the cellular FIS concentration is observed.Cells in the stationary phase are depleted of FIS. The rather abrupt increase of transcription activation depends on the nutritional quality of the medium. It is not seen in minimal medium. After a shift from minimal to rich medium, a peak of transcription activation and of FIS concentration is measured. This peak gets higher as the medium gets more strongly enriched. We conclude that a correlation between changes of the UAS-dependent activation of the thrU (tuJB) operon and changes of the cellular FIS concentration under a variety of experimental conditions exists. This correlation strongly suggests that the production of FIS responds to environmental signals, thereby trans-activating the operon. Cells unable to produce FIS (fis cells) also show an increase of operon transcription in the early log phase and after a nutritional shift-up, albeit less pronounced than that of wild-type cells. Presumably it is controlled by the ribosome feedback regulatory system. cis activation of the operon by the upstream activator sequence is apparent in the absence of FIS. This activation is constant throughout the entire growth cycle and is independent of nutritional factors. The well-known growth rate-dependent control, displayed by exponentially growing cells studied under various nutritional conditions, is governed by two regulatory mechanisms: repression, presumably by ribosome feedback inhibition, and stimulation by trans activation. FIS allows very fast bacterial growth.The synthesis of rRNA of Escherichia coli is finely tuned to the cell's environmental conditions. Cells growing in a constant environment do not show a significant turnover or a significant buildup of free rRNA or vacant ribosomes, except at very low growth rates (for reviews, see references 20, 21, and 26). Consequently, ribosomes are utilized at maximal or near-maximal capacity. Upon alteration of the nutritional capacity of the medium, leading to a different but constant environment, cells promptly readjust the synthesis of their rRNA and tRNA to meet the demands of an altered growth rate. In exponentially growing cells the concentration of ribosomes (and of rRNA) thus appears to be proportional to growth rate (6,8...

show abstract

“…Another host protein, FIS (Factor for Inversion Stimulation), has been shown to be involved in the maintenance of Mu lysogeny (4). This homodimeric DNA-binding protein exhibits relatively low sequence specificity (30) and introduces a bend on binding (65).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Involvement of Escherichia coli FIS protein in maintenance of bacteriophage mu lysogeny by the repressor: control of early transcription and inhibition of transposition

et al. 1993

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Escherichia coli FIS (factor for inversion stimulation) protein has been implicated in assisting bacteriophage Mu repressor, c, in maintaining the lysogenic state under certain conditions. In a fis strain, a temperature-inducible Mucts62 prophage is induced at lower temperatures than in a wild-type host (M. Betermier, V. Lefrere, C. Koch, R. Alazard, and M. Chandler, Mol. Microbiol. 3:459-468, 1989

show abstract

The Escherichia coli protein, Fis: specific binding to the ends of phage Mu DNA and modulation of phage growth

Cited by 36 publications

References 45 publications

Sequence, regulation, and functions of fis in Salmonella typhimurium

Sequence, regulation, and functions of fis in Salmonella typhimurium

FIS-dependent trans activation of stable RNA operons of Escherichia coli under various growth conditions

Involvement of Escherichia coli FIS protein in maintenance of bacteriophage mu lysogeny by the repressor: control of early transcription and inhibition of transposition

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About