The <i>Aspergillus nidulans metR</i> gene encodes a bZIP protein which activates transcription of sulphur metabolism genes

Natorff, Renata; Sieńko, Marzena; Brzywczy, Jerzy; Paszewski, Andrzej

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03617.x

Cited by 61 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 47 publications

(72 reference statements)

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“…The main component of the sulfur regulatory circuit is a positively acting bZIP transcription factor, which in yeast is a heterodimer consisting of two proteins, Met28p and Met4p (442)(443)(444). In filamentous fungi, like N. crassa and A. nidulans, one homodimeric bZIP activator (N. crassa CYS-3, A. nidulans MetR) is responsible for sulfur network regulation (445,446). However, recent studies revealed that A. nidulans and other members of the Eurotiales may possess exchangeable homo-/heterodimeric regulatory networks comprised of MetR and paralogous bZIP transcription factor MetZ (447).…”

Section: T Reesei T Atroviride and T Virens Have A Single Orf Enmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The SMR system consists of a negatively acting SCF (Skp1/cullin/F-box) ubiquitin ligase complex, which is composed of a crucial F-box protein responsible for recognizing and targeting bZIP (N. crassa SCON-2 [448], A. nidulans SconB [449], the Skp1 protein (S-phase kinase-associated protein 1; N. crassa SCON-3 and A. nidulans SconC [450,451]), the Rbx1 protein, and an E2/E3 ubiquitin-conjugating protein. All these components are held on cullin, a scaffold protein (446,451). Activation of the SCF ubiquitin ligase results from an increased level of cysteine, its positive effector ligand (452,453).…”

Section: T Reesei T Atroviride and T Virens Have A Single Orf Enmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Genomes of Three Uneven Siblings: Footprints of the Lifestyles of Three Trichoderma Species

Schmoll

Dattenböck

Carreras-Villaseñor

et al. 2016

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

159

186

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SUMMARYThe genusTrichodermacontains fungi with high relevance for humans, with applications in enzyme production for plant cell wall degradation and use in biocontrol. Here, we provide a broad, comprehensive overview of the genomic content of these species for “hot topic” research aspects, including CAZymes, transport, transcription factors, and development, along with a detailed analysis and annotation of less-studied topics, such as signal transduction, genome integrity, chromatin, photobiology, or lipid, sulfur, and nitrogen metabolism inT. reesei,T. atroviride, andT. virens, and we open up new perspectives to those topics discussed previously. In total, we covered more than 2,000 of the predicted 9,000 to 11,000 genes of eachTrichodermaspecies discussed, which is >20% of the respective gene content. Additionally, we considered available transcriptome data for the annotated genes. Highlights of our analyses include overall carbohydrate cleavage preferences due to the different genomic contents and regulation of the respective genes. We found light regulation of many sulfur metabolic genes. Additionally, a new Golgi 1,2-mannosidase likely involved inN-linked glycosylation was detected, as were indications for the ability ofTrichodermaspp. to generate hybrid galactose-containingN-linked glycans. The genomic inventory of effector proteins revealed numerous compounds unique toTrichoderma, and these warrant further investigation. We found interesting expansions in theTrichodermagenus in several signaling pathways, such as G-protein-coupled receptors, RAS GTPases, and casein kinases. A particularly interesting feature absolutely unique toT. atrovirideis the duplication of the alternative sulfur amino acid synthesis pathway.

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Section: T Reesei T Atroviride and T Virens Have A Single Orf Enmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: T Reesei T Atroviride and T Virens Have A Single Orf Enmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Genomes of Three Uneven Siblings: Footprints of the Lifestyles of Three Trichoderma Species

Schmoll

Dattenböck

Carreras-Villaseñor

et al. 2016

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

159

186

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In N. crassa and S. cerevisiae, the expression of the S assimilatory genes is almost completely absent in the presence of Cys or Met and is greatly reduced by glutathione (GSH) addition (Ono et al, 1991(Ono et al, , 1999Marzluf, 1997). These same enzymes in A. nidulans, on the other hand, are not down-regulated in response to S metabolites (Clarke et al, 1997;Sienko and Paszewski, 1999;Natorff et al, 2003). The transcription of sulfate permeases is suppressed in all species studied by low concentrations of S metabolites (Bradfield et al, 1970;Ketter and Marzluf, 1988;Ketter et al, 1991;Marzluf, 1993Marzluf, , 1997Cherest et al, 1997;Grynberg et al, 2001;Pilsyk et al, 2007).…”

Section: Somentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfur Transfer through an Arbuscular Mycorrhiza

2008

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Despite the importance of sulfur (S) for plant nutrition, the role of the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis in S uptake has received little attention. ]Met was supplied in the fungal compartment. Fungal transcripts for putative S assimilatory genes were identified, indicating the presence of the trans-sulfuration pathway. The suppression of fungal sulfate transfer in the presence of Cys coincided with a reduction in putative sulfate permease and not sulfate adenylyltransferase transcripts, suggesting a role for fungal transcriptional regulation in S transfer to the host. A testable model is proposed describing root S acquisition through the AM symbiosis.

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“…1B). The MetR protein is a bZIP transcription factor indispensable for transcriptional activation of sulfur assimilation genes and cysD (Natorff et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulatory mutations affecting sulfur metabolism induce environmental stress response in Aspergillus nidulans

Sieńko¹,

Natorff²,

Skoneczny³

et al. 2014

Fungal Genetics and Biology

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Mutations in the cysB, sconB and sconC genes affect sulfur metabolism in Aspergillus nidulans in different ways. The cysB mutation blocks synthesis of cysteine by the main pathway and leads to a shortage of this amino acid. The sconB and sconC mutations affect subunits of the SCF ubiquitin ligase complex, which inactivates the MetR transcription factor in the presence of an excess of cysteine. In effect, both cysB and scon mutations lead to permanent derepression of MetR-dependent genes. We compared transcriptomes of these three mutants with that of a wild type strain finding altered expression of a few hundred genes belonging to various functional categories. Besides those involved in sulfur metabolism, many up-regulated genes are related to stress responses including heat shock and osmotic stress.However, only the scon strains are more resistant to exogenous stress agents than the wild type strain while cysB is more sensitive. The two-component signal transduction system is a functional category, which is most enriched among genes up-regulated in the cysB, sconB and sconC mutants. A large group of up-regulated genes are involved in carbohydrate and energy metabolism, including genes coding for enzymes of trehalose and glycerol synthesis. The altered expression of these genes is accompanied by changes in sugar and polyol accumulation in conidia of the mutants. Genes encoding enzymes of the glyoxylate bypass and the GABA shunt are also up-regulated along with genes coding for enzymes of alcohol fermentation. Among the down-regulated genes the most numerous are those encoding membrane proteins and enzymes involved in secondary metabolism, including the penicillin biosynthesis cluster.

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The Aspergillus nidulans metR gene encodes a bZIP protein which activates transcription of sulphur metabolism genes

Cited by 61 publications

References 47 publications

The Genomes of Three Uneven Siblings: Footprints of the Lifestyles of Three Trichoderma Species

The Genomes of Three Uneven Siblings: Footprints of the Lifestyles of Three Trichoderma Species

Sulfur Transfer through an Arbuscular Mycorrhiza

Regulatory mutations affecting sulfur metabolism induce environmental stress response in Aspergillus nidulans

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