The <i>ACE2</i> expression in Sertoli cells and germ cells may cause male reproductive disorder after SARS‐CoV‐2 infection

Shen, Qiaoyan; Xiao, Xia; Aierken, Aili; Y, Wei; Wu, Xiaojie; Liao, Mingzhi; Hua, Jinlian

doi:10.1111/jcmm.15541

Cited by 156 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…These infiltrated cells especially the lymphocytes and histiocytes, also damage the blood-testis barrier and destroy the seminiferous tubules directly( figure 5E,F). 41 Similar to other viruses like HIV, mumps and hepatitis B virus, SARS-CoV-2 also may lead to activation of inflammatory cytokines, which may potentiate the autoimmune response. They may cause orchitis by several mechanisms, which may result in the testicular damage leading to infertility and sterility, which may further increase the chances of testicular tumours.…”

Section: Histopathological Findings In Nervous Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histopathological observations in COVID-19: a systematic review

Motwani²,

et al. 2020

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BackgroundCoronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has caused a great global threat to public health. The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared COVID-19 disease as a pandemic, affecting the human respiratory and other body systems, which urgently demands for better understanding of COVID-19 histopathogenesis.ObjectiveData on pathological changes in different organs are still scarce, thus we aim to review and summarise the latest histopathological changes in different organs observed after autopsy of COVID-19 cases.Materials and methodsOver the period of 3 months, authors performed vast review of the articles. The search engines included were PubMed, Medline (EBSCO & Ovid), Google Scholar, Science Direct, Scopus and Bio-Medical. Search terms used were ‘Histopathology in COVID-19’, ‘COVID-19’, ‘Pathological changes in different organs in COVID-19’ or ‘SARS-CoV-2’. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2009 guidelines were used for review writing.ResultWe identified various articles related to the histopathology of various organs in COVID-19 positive patients. Overall, 45 articles were identified as full articles to be included in our study. Histopathological findings observed are summarised according to the systems involved.ConclusionAlthough COVID-19 mainly affects respiratory and immune systems, but other systems like cardiovascular, urinary, gastrointestinal tract, reproductive system, nervous system and integumentary system are not spared, especially in elderly cases and those with comorbidity. This review would help clinicians and researchers to understand the tissue pathology, which can help in better planning of the management and avoiding future risks.

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Section: Histopathological Findings In Nervous Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histopathological observations in COVID-19: a systematic review

Motwani²,

et al. 2020

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“…3). There is a lower expression of ACE2 in spermatocytes, late spermatocytes, spermatids and other somatic cells [82,83]. Furthermore, a high expression of the protease TMPRSS2 is also reported in germ and somatic cells.…”

Section: Angiotensin-converting Enzyme 2 In Male Reproductive Tissuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Male Fertility and the COVID-19 Pandemic: Systematic Review of the Literature

Khalili

Leisegang

Majzoub

et al. 2020

World J Mens Health

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, the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has spread globally, causing the current COVID-19 (coronavirus disease-19) pandemic. As there is an increase of infections in the male population, concerns have emerged about the potential impact of COVID-19 on male reproductive organs and male fertility. Therefore, this study systematically investigates the current evidence of SARS-CoV-2 impact on male reproduction and pregnancy outcomes, discussing them in light of the evidence published on other coronaviruses. Materials and Methods: Materials and Methods: Literature search was carried out according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A total of 24 original articles were included for the analysis, investigating the effects of the infection on semen parameters, male reproductive hormones, and pregnancy outcomes. Further, a Strengths-Weaknesses-Opportunities-Threats (SWOT) analysis was conducted based on the available evidence linking the virus with male reproduction and conception. Results: Results: Although there is limited data, viral mRNA has been identified in semen of infected men, with some evidence of altered seminal parameters. Low testosterone and dihydrotestosterone with raised luteinizing hormone has been reported as well as preterm delivery in pregnant women; however, data regarding vertical transmission remains contradictory and inconclusive. Conclusions: Conclusions: The recent literature provides evidence that male gonads may be potentially vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2 infection, recommending caution to pregnant women and couples planning natural pregnancy or assisted reproduction.

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“…The report of this study showed that there was testicular inflammation with significant tubular damage which could affect spermatogenesis as well as reduced Leydig cells that produce testosterone. Furthermore, there have been suggestions and reports that Covid-19 infection might reduce male fertility [140,141] via alteration in gonadal function, injury to the seminiferous tubule and testicular inflammation [142]. This observation was further examined in a study consisting of 181 men conducted in China.…”

Section: Pathophysiology Of Sars-cov2 On the Reproductive Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testis and blood-testis barrier in Covid-19 infestation: role of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in male infertility

Olaniyan

Dare

Okotie

et al. 2020

Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS- CoV-2) that causes COVID-19 infections penetrates body cells by binding to angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) receptors. Evidence shows that SARS-CoV-2 can also affect the urogenital tract. Hence, it should be given serious attention when treating COVID-19-infected male patients of reproductive age group. Other viruses like HIV, mumps, papilloma and Epstein–Barr can induce viral orchitis, germ cell apoptosis, inflammation and germ cell destruction with attending infertility and tumors. The blood-testis barrier (BTB) and blood-epididymis barrier (BEB) are essential physical barricades in the male reproductive tract located between the blood vessel and seminiferous tubules in the testes. Despite the significant role of these barriers in male reproductive function, studies have shown that a wide range of viruses can still penetrate the barriers and induce testicular dysfunctions. Therefore, this mini-review highlights the role of ACE2 receptors in promoting SARS-CoV-2-induced blood-testis/epididymal barrier infiltration and testicular dysfunction.

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The ACE2 expression in Sertoli cells and germ cells may cause male reproductive disorder after SARS‐CoV‐2 infection

Cited by 156 publications

References 16 publications

Histopathological observations in COVID-19: a systematic review

Histopathological observations in COVID-19: a systematic review

Male Fertility and the COVID-19 Pandemic: Systematic Review of the Literature

Testis and blood-testis barrier in Covid-19 infestation: role of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in male infertility

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