The hypolipidemic natural product Commiphora mukul and its component guggulsterone inhibit oxidative modification of LDL

Wang, Xiaosong; Greilberger, Joachim; Ledinski, Gerhard; Kager, Gerd; Paigen, Beverly; Jürgens, Günther

doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2003.10.008

Cited by 70 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Guggulsterone indeed exerts strong anti-inflammatory effects by suppressing the activation of the transcription factor NF-kappa B in response to different agonists including tumor necrosis factor a (TNF-a) [22]. In line with its anti-inflammatory properties, previous studies revealed that guggulsterone is able to impair LDL oxidation, thereby delaying the progression of atherosclerosis [3,37].…”

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confidence: 89%

Guggulsterone, an anti-inflammatory phytosterol, inhibits tissue factor and arterial thrombosis

et al. 2008

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confidence: 89%

Guggulsterone, an anti-inflammatory phytosterol, inhibits tissue factor and arterial thrombosis

et al. 2008

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“…Thus, according to Tu et al (2000), FXR constitutes a potential therapeutic target that can be modulated to enhance the removal of cholesterol from the body. Another possible mechanism is through the presence of ketosteroid, an active compound of C. mukul which acts by stimulating the thyroid gland and has also found to increase the activity of catecholamine and dopamine -pdecarboxylase that are involved in lowering plasma cholesterol (Wang et al, 2004). Some secondary plant metabolites such as coumarin, flavonoid, terpenoid, arginine and glutamic acids have been shown to confer cholesterol lowering effects in various experimental animal models (Akah and Okafor, 1992;Marles and Farnsworth, 1995).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The other mechanism reported by Wang et al (2004), is through the presence of ketosteroid , an active compound of C. mukul which acts by stimulating the thyroid gland and has also found to reverse the decrease of catecholamine and dopaminep-decarboxylase activity that is involved with anticholesterolaemia (Wang et al, 2004). This is done by improving the liver's ability to process, metabolize and excrete cholesterol and improving thyroid function by increasing T 3 and T 4 conversion (Wang et al, 2004). Ethanolic leaf extract of C. africana and C. myrrha were also shown to exhibit hypolipidaemic activity in experimental rats (Adebayo et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Thus F×R constitutes a potential therapeutic target that can be modulated to enhance the removal of cholesterol from the body (Tu et al, 2000). The other mechanism reported by Wang et al (2004), is through the presence of ketosteroid , an active compound of C. mukul which acts by stimulating the thyroid gland and has also found to reverse the decrease of catecholamine and dopaminep-decarboxylase activity that is involved with anticholesterolaemia (Wang et al, 2004). This is done by improving the liver's ability to process, metabolize and excrete cholesterol and improving thyroid function by increasing T 3 and T 4 conversion (Wang et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Commiphora swynnertonii on weight and plasma cholesterol levels in Rattus rattus

Mdegela¹,

Bakari²,

Simon³

et al. 2017

J. Med. Plants Res.

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Experimental studies that aimed to determine the effects of crude aqueous resin extracts of the Commiphora swynnertonii on plasma cholesterol levels and weight changes were carried out in rats (Rattus rattus). A total of 24 experimental rats divided into four groups with equal sample size (n=6) were used. Group one (G1) served as negative control that received 0.5ml of distilled water (0 mg/kg) orally. Groups 2 (G2), 3 (G3) and 4 (G4) received 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg body weight orally on daily basis for 21 days respectively. Results revealed a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in the body weight and on cholestrol levels between the treated and the control groups in a dose dependent manner (R 2 = 0.89). Commiphora swynnertonii resin lowered cholesterol level by 54, 76 and 79% and weight changes by 18, 31 and 23% for the exposed rats at concentrations of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg BW respectively. The rats were able to tolerate resin at concentrations lower than 100 mg/kg BW. At higher (>100 mg/kg) doses, few rats showed signs of illness including diarrhoea and finally death. Based on these results, C. swynnertonii has a potential to serve as an anti-cholesterol agent with body weight lowering properties.

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“…Al-Amoudi (2010) found that resin from C. myrrh could lower serum total cholesterol, LDL-c and VLDL-c and increase HDL-c in alloxan diabetic rats. In addition, it was found by Wang et al (2004) that C. mukul can lower total plasma cholesterol as well as LDL-c by preventing the oxidative modification of lipoprotein forms. Furthermore, Bakari et al (2015), in a similar study, reported a significant decrease in plasma cholesterol when resin from C. swynnertonii was administered to normal chickens.…”

Section: Effect Of Resin From C Swynnertonii On Plasma Lipid Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Commiphora swynnertonii resin on liver functions and levels of plasma glucose and lipids in carbon-tetrachloride treated chickens

Maghembe¹,

Bakari²,

Max³

et al. 2017

Int. J. Nutr. Metab.

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A 21-day study was carried out to determine the effect of resin from Commiphora swynnertonii on plasma levels of glucose and lipids together with liver functions in both normal and carbontetrachloride-treated chickens. Sixty growing male broiler chickens were randomly assigned into six groups (n = 10). G1 was a negative control, which received distilled water throughout the experiment. G2 was a positive control and received 1.59 g CCl 4 per kg body weight orally every other day to induce liver injury. G3 received 500 mg resin per kg body weight daily, while G4, G5 and G6 received 500, 750 and 1000 mg resin per kg body weight respectively daily plus 1.59 g CCl 4 per kg body weight every other day, throughout the experiment. Plasma levels of glucose, triglycerides, lipoproteins and total proteins together with liver functions were determined. Results revealed that oral administration of CCl 4 caused liver injury with consequent significant increase (P < 0.05) in the plasma glucose and lipid levels. Also a significant increase (P < 0.05) in the activities of liver enzymes (P< 0.01) and a decrease in total plasma protein was evident. On the other hand, oral administration of moderate dose of the resin reversed these effects by significantly lowering plasma glucose and lipid levels while decreasing liver enzyme activities and boosting plasma protein levels. It is concluded that administration of moderate levels of C. swynnertonii to chickens was capable of reducing plasma levels of glucose (hypoglycemic effect) and lipids (hypolipidemic effect), while protecting the liver against the injury caused by CCl 4 (hepatoprotective effect). These findings could have a positive implication on the use of the C. swynnertonii resin for treating diabetes and cardiovascular diseases in humans.

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The hypolipidemic natural product Commiphora mukul and its component guggulsterone inhibit oxidative modification of LDL

Cited by 70 publications

References 31 publications

Guggulsterone, an anti-inflammatory phytosterol, inhibits tissue factor and arterial thrombosis

Guggulsterone, an anti-inflammatory phytosterol, inhibits tissue factor and arterial thrombosis

Effects of Commiphora swynnertonii on weight and plasma cholesterol levels in Rattus rattus

Effect of Commiphora swynnertonii resin on liver functions and levels of plasma glucose and lipids in carbon-tetrachloride treated chickens

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