The Hypertension in the Very Elderly Trial – latest data

Mukhtar, Omar; Jackson, Stephen

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2012.04427.x

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Although several studies have suggested that learning and memory deficits observed in SHR animals were independent of hypertension [ 30 , 40 , 52 ], others did find correlations between hypertension and cognitive deficits [ 5 , 6 , 41 , 53 ]. Having in mind that aging, female gender, and hypertension are considered risk factors for dementia, particularly of the Alzheimer’s type (see meta-analysis in www.alzrisk.org and [ 54 – 57 ], usage of aged SHR animals with reduced cognitive performance might be worth considering as a possible model of a certain type of dementia [ 5 , 58 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of cognitive deficits in spontaneously hypertensive rats, accompanied by brain insulin receptor dysfunction

et al. 2015

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BackgroundThe spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) has been used to model changes in the central nervous system associated with cognitive-related disorders. Recent human and animal studies indicate a possible relationship between cognitive deficits, insulin resistance and hypertension. We aimed to investigate whether cognitively impaired SHRs develop central and/or peripheral insulin resistance and how their cognitive performance is influenced by the animal’s sex and age as well as strains used for comparison (Wistar and Wistar-Kyoto/WKY).MethodsThree and seven-month-old SHR, Wistar, and WKY rats were studied for their cognitive performance using Morris Water Maze (MWM) and Passive Avoidance tests (PAT). Plasma glucose and insulin were obtained after oral glucose tolerance tests. Cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and striatum status of insulin-receptor (IR) β-subunit and glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β) and their phosphorylated forms were obtained via ELISA.ResultsSHRs performed poorly in MWM and PAT in comparison to both control strains but more pronouncedly compared to WKY. Females performed poorer than males and 7-month-old SHRs had poorer MWM performance than 3-month-old ones. Although plasma glucose levels remained unchanged, plasma insulin levels were significantly increased in the glucose tolerance test in 7-month-old SHRs. SHRs demonstrated reduced expression and increased activity of IRβ-subunit in cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and striatum with different regional changes in phospho/total GSK3β ratio, as compared to WKYs.ConclusionResults indicate that cognitive deficits in SHRs are accompanied by both central and peripheral insulin dysfunction, thus allowing for the speculation that SHRs might additionally be considered as a model of insulin resistance-induced type of dementia.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40303-015-0012-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of cognitive deficits in spontaneously hypertensive rats, accompanied by brain insulin receptor dysfunction

et al. 2015

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“…A meta-analysis of the INDANA intervention trials (19) showed that blood pressure management reduces the stroke risk by up to 33% in those older than 80. The HYVET trial (20) showed that blood pressure reduction using indapamide ± perindopril in octogenarians reduced the risk both overall mortality and stroke incidence by 21% and 30%, respectively. It is worth noting that the blood pressure target in the HYVET study was 150/80 mmHg, slightly higher than those recommended in current guidelines for younger age groups.…”

Section: Hypertension Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%