The Hydrogeochemistry Of Fractured Plutonic Rocks In The Canadian Shield

Gascoyne, M.; Kamineni, D. C.

doi:10.1007/s100400050044

Cited by 50 publications

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“…2). Moreover, previous studies in the Armorican basement have identified a compartmentalization of these crystalline rock aquifers from hydrological, geochemical, geological and geophysical data (Ayraud et al, 2008;Roques et al, 2014), and from regional-scale numerical modeling (Goderniaux et al, 2013). Geochemical studies also showed specific chemical compositions of the water in the deep fractured aquifer, potentially including saline groundwaters Ayraud et al, 2008;Pauwels et al, 2013).…”

Section: Hydrogeological Settingmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…4). This strongly sug- gests that the saline fluids in the Armorican basement are of marine origin and correspond to paleoseawater diluted by meteoric waters (Bottomley et al, 1994;Casanova et al, 2001;Frape et al, 1984;Fritz, 1997;Gascoyne and Kamineni, 1994;Nordstrom et al, 1989).…”

Section: Origin Of Chloridesmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Such a trend has already been observed in several places throughout the world in continental crusts. Highly saline brines have been found in various geological environments in the Canadian Shield (Frape et al, 1984;Fritz and Frape, 1982;Gascoyne and Kamineni, 1994), in the crystalline basement of Europe (Black Forest in Germany, Soultz-sous-forêt in France) (Aquilina et al, 1997;Pauwels et al, 1993;Stober and Bucher, 1999), in the Fennoscandian Shield (Fritz, 1997;Nordstrom et al, 1989) and in the England Carnmenellis granite (Edmunds et al, 1985). Saline fluids sampled at these sites report a wide range of chloride concentrations.…”

Section: General Trend Of Increasing Salinities With Depthmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Timescales of regional circulation of saline fluids in continental crystalline rock aquifers (Armorican Massif, western France)

Landes

Aquilina

Davy

et al. 2015

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. In recent decades, saline fluids have been sampled worldwide at great depths in continental basements. Although some of them have been attributed to marine transgressions, the mechanisms allowing their circulation are not understood. In this paper, we describe the horizontal and vertical distributions of moderately saline fluids (60 to 1400 mg L −1 ) sampled at depths ranging from 41 to 200 m in crystalline rock aquifers on the regional scale of the Armorican Massif (northwestern France). The horizontal and vertical distributions of high chloride concentrations are in good agreement with both the altitudinal and vertical limits and the succession of the three major transgressions between the Mio-Pliocene and Pleistocene ages. The mean chloride concentration for each transgression area is exponentially related to the time spanned until the present. It defines the potential laws of leaching (displacement) of marine waters by fresh meteoric waters. The results of the Armorican aquifers provide the first observed constraints for the timescales of seawater circulation in the continental crystalline basement and the subsequent leaching by fresh meteoric waters. The general trend of increasing chloride concentration with depth and the time frame for the flushing process provide useful information to develop conceptual models of the paleofunctioning of Armorican aquifers.

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Section: Hydrogeological Settingmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Origin Of Chloridesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: General Trend Of Increasing Salinities With Depthmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Timescales of regional circulation of saline fluids in continental crystalline rock aquifers (Armorican Massif, western France)

Landes

Aquilina

Davy

et al. 2015

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…Phase (iv) At greater depth and prolonged residence time, deep brines (Gascoyne and Kamineni 1993;Bottomley et al 1990) of sodium/calcium sulphate/chloride composition. Banks and Frengstad (2006) noted that water types representing Phases (i) to (iii) could be found in shallow Norwegian crystalline bedrock aquifers, even in relatively simple aquifer lithologies such as anorthosite (Table 1), which is dominated by plagioclase feldspar.…”

Section: Hydrogeochemical Evolution In Crystalline Bedrock Aquifersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon-13 in groundwater from English and Norwegian crystalline rock aquifers: a tool for deducing the origin of alkalinity?

Bottrell

Hipkins

Lane

et al. 2017

Sustain. Water Resour. Manag.

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“…As the groundwater moves to greater depths or travels farther along groundwater flow paths, it evolves to higher pH (8 to 9) and Na-(Ca)-HCO 3 water. Studies of fracture minerals in the plutons suggest a relationship between low-temperature mineralogy and groundwater composition (Gascoyne and Kamineni, 1994). Especially in mafic plutons, hydrolysis of plagioclase feldspars to liberate Na and Ca into solution, coupled with Ca loss by calcite precipitation and/or exchange for Na in clay minerals, are the main processes.…”

Section: Groundwater Compositional Changes With Depthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disposal systems evaluations and tool development : Engineered Barrier System (EBS) evaluation.

Rutqvist¹,

Liu²,

Steefel³

et al. 2011

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Eric Sonnenthal (LBNL) Engineered Barrier System (EBS) Evaluation This page is intentionally left blank Engineered Barrier System (EBS) Evaluation 5 Executive SummaryKey components of the nuclear fuel cycle are short-term storage and long-term disposal of nuclear waste. The latter encompasses the immobilization of used nuclear fuel (UNF) and radioactive waste streams generated by various phases of the nuclear fuel cycle, and the safe and permanent disposition of these waste forms in geological repository environments. The engineered barrier system (EBS) plays a very important role in the long-term isolation of nuclear waste in geological repository environments. EBS concepts and their interactions with the natural barrier are inherently important to the long-term performance assessment of the safety case where nuclear waste disposition needs to be evaluated for time periods of up to one million years. Making the safety case needed in the decision-making process for the recommendation and the eventual embracement of a disposal system concept requires a multi-faceted integration of knowledge and evidence-gathering to demonstrate the required confidence level in a deep geological disposal site and to evaluate longterm repository performance.The focus of this report is the following:• Evaluation of EBS in long-term disposal systems in deep geologic environments with emphasis on the multi-barrier concept;• Evaluation of key parameters in the characterization of EBS performance;• Identification of key knowledge gaps and uncertainties;• Evaluation of tools and modeling approaches for EBS processes and performance.The above topics will be evaluated through the analysis of the following:• Overview of EBS concepts for various NW disposal systems;• Natural and man-made analogs, room chemistry, hydrochemistry of deep subsurface environments, and EBS material stability in near-field environments;• Reactive Transport and Coupled Thermal-Hydrological-Mechanical-Chemical (THMC) processes in EBS;• Thermal analysis toolkit, metallic barrier degradation mode survey, and development of a Disposal Systems Evaluation Framework (DSEF).This report will focus on the multi-barrier concept of EBS and variants of this type which in essence is the most adopted concept by various repository programs. Empasis is given mainly to the evaluation of EBS materials and processes through the analysis of published studies in the scientific literature of past and existing repository research programs. Tool evaluations are also emphasized, particularly on THCM processes and chemical equilibria. Although being an increasingly important aspect of NW disposition, short-term or interim storage of NW will be briefly discussed but not to the extent of the EBS issues relevant to disposal systems in deep geologic environments. Interim storage will be discussed in the report Evaluation of Storage Concepts FY10 Final Report (Weiner et al. 2010). Engineered Barrier System (EBS) Evaluation 6This page is intentionally left blank Engineered Barrier System (EBS) Eva...

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The Hydrogeochemistry Of Fractured Plutonic Rocks In The Canadian Shield

Cited by 50 publications

References 0 publications

Timescales of regional circulation of saline fluids in continental crystalline rock aquifers (Armorican Massif, western France)

Timescales of regional circulation of saline fluids in continental crystalline rock aquifers (Armorican Massif, western France)

Carbon-13 in groundwater from English and Norwegian crystalline rock aquifers: a tool for deducing the origin of alkalinity?

Disposal systems evaluations and tool development : Engineered Barrier System (EBS) evaluation.

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