The hydrogen-fueled internal combustion engine: a technical review

White, Christopher M.; Steeper, Richard R.; Lutz, Andrew E.

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2005.12.001

Cited by 865 publications

(331 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Based on flammability range by volume in air, the flammability limits of hydrogen vary from equivalence ratio φ from 0.1 to 7.1. This enables the engine to run well into the lean mixture and prompts ignition and hence higher thermal efficiency [9]. Table 1 compares the properties of hydrogen and gasoline and diesel fuels.…”

Section: Stoichiometric Air-fuel Ratio and Mixture Energy Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrogen Engine and Numerical Temperature-Entropy Chart for Hydrogen/Air Cycle Analysis

Marzouk¹,

Ghulman²

2015

EPE

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Fast depletion of fossil fuels with its resources already passed its mid depletion region and the pollution levels already reached unsafe levels which make it utmost necessity to search for alternative fuels to meet sustainable energy demand with minimum environmental impact. Among alternative fuels, hydrogen is considered as the near future, long term renewable, sustainable and non-polluting fuel. In the present paper, hydrogen fueled internal combustion engine fundamentals highlighted and presented relating to hydrogen combustion properties. A Mat lab programmed hydrogen temperature-entropy-energy chart is developed and presented for fresh charge and products of combustion at different excess air factors per mole combustion gases. The chart, then, used to represent a SI hydrogen-fueled fuel/air cycle analysis, which proved to be valuable design tool for engine sizing and for prediction of engine performance. Predictions carried out using the hydrogen F/A cycle analysis at different λ show low brake specific fuel consumption and low volume specific power compared with conventional SI engine.

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Section: Stoichiometric Air-fuel Ratio and Mixture Energy Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are now many companies start marketing hydrogen ICE engine vehicles e.g. Ford and BMW [9]. The fuel induction modes are carburetion, inlet manifold and inlet port injection and direct cylinder injection [10] [11].…”

Section: Configurations Of Hydrogen Induction In Icementioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen Engine and Numerical Temperature-Entropy Chart for Hydrogen/Air Cycle Analysis

Marzouk¹,

Ghulman²

2015

EPE

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“…Furthermore, it had the characteristics of higher flame speed and larger diffusion speed benefit the energy efficiency and reduces emissions. The more rapid flame propagation and wider flammable range of hydrogen might lead to extended lean operating limits [10], and the engine could operate with a wide range of air/fuel ratio. The lower heating value of hydrogen is much higher (120 MJ/kg) than that of diesel fuel (42 MJ/kg).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen-Rich Gas for Clean Combustion in a Dual-Fuel Compression Ignition Engine

Wu¹,

Hsu²,

Horng³

2017

JOCET

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Abstract-Since burning of hydrogen emits fewer pollutants, it has been using as a clean alternative or auxiliary fuel of engines. This study is to develop a diesel/ hydrogen-rich gas dual fuel engine with methanol steam reforming method and design of EGR (Exhaust Gas Recirculation) system to investigate engine performance and exhausting pollutants. The measured items are composed of the gas pressure of cylinder, crank angle, diesel consumption rate, hydrogen consumption rate, air flow rate, and emissions (HC, CO 2 , NO x , and Smoke), and the contents of hydrogen-rich gas. The authors analyze how the hydrogen-rich gas addition with EGR influences the combustion performance and emissions. The heat recovery reforming system can solve the storage and producing problem of hydrogen. Furthermore, the authors little altered the engine structure, and it is easy to put the energy saving and pollutants decrease into effect.Index Terms-Clean combustion, diesel/hydrogen-rich gas engine, emission reduction, exhaust heat recovery, exhaust gas recirculation, methanol steam reforming.

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“…Starting from a gasoline engine implies port fuel injection (PFI) of the hydrogen. Therefore, this paper concentrates on hydrogen PFI engines, although dedicated hydrogen engines would benefit greatly from direct injection [3,4,11,12] and novel concepts for mixture formation have been reported [13]. Also, work has been published on compression ignition operation on H 2 [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of variable valve timing on power, emissions and backfire of a bi-fuel hydrogen/gasoline engine

Verhelst

Demuynck

Sierens

et al. 2010

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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Hydrogen-fueled internal combustion engines are a possible solution to make transportation more ecological.Apart from difficulties in production and storage of hydrogen, there are three major bottlenecks in the operation of hydrogen powered engines: reaching a high power output, reducing NO x emissions at high loads and avoiding backfire. This paper presents an experimental study of the influence of continuously variable valve timing of the intake valves on these bottlenecks. Measurements were performed on a four-cylinder engine that can run on gasoline as well as on hydrogen. The measurements on hydrogen are compared to those on gasoline. For hydrogen, the effects of the cam phasing were investigated at wide open throttle, where load is controlled by the quality of the mixture (equivalence ratio) as well as in throttled mode, where load is defined by the quantity of mixture.Results show that it is possible to optimize the applied control strategy by using variable valve timing as a means to increase the range of both the qualitative and quantitative load control methods, which contributes to an easier switch between both methods.

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The hydrogen-fueled internal combustion engine: a technical review

Cited by 865 publications

References 54 publications

Hydrogen Engine and Numerical Temperature-Entropy Chart for Hydrogen/Air Cycle Analysis

Hydrogen Engine and Numerical Temperature-Entropy Chart for Hydrogen/Air Cycle Analysis

Hydrogen-Rich Gas for Clean Combustion in a Dual-Fuel Compression Ignition Engine

Impact of variable valve timing on power, emissions and backfire of a bi-fuel hydrogen/gasoline engine

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