The Hungarian Media System. Stopping Short or Re-Transformation?

Polyák, Gábor

doi:10.1515/soeu-2015-630207

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…However, a different image presents itself among Hungarians, for whom public service news is linked with greater authoritarianism and perceived threat. This is not entirely surprising: the regime of Viktor Orbán has increasingly gained control over public service news media in recent years and has utilized this medium to spread its anti-immigrant propaganda (Polyák, 2015). Another explanation for the divergent results found here, can be traced back to the "authoritarian legacy" studies cited earlier.…”

Section: Unique Contexts and Future Research Directionsmentioning

confidence: 64%

Right-Wing Authoritarianism and Social Dominance Orientation as Mediators Between News Media Consumption and Perceived Migrant Threat

Coninck

Assche

d’Haenens

2022

Mass Communication and Society

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Section: Unique Contexts and Future Research Directionsmentioning

confidence: 64%

Right-Wing Authoritarianism and Social Dominance Orientation as Mediators Between News Media Consumption and Perceived Migrant Threat

Coninck

Assche

d’Haenens

2022

Mass Communication and Society

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“…While the example of Taiwan shows how, through the commercialisation of propaganda, one state can carry out interference or even propaganda aggression against another, one can point to at least a few cases where such a strategy is undertaken within a single state. From this point of view, an interesting case study is the example of Hungary (Polyak, 2015).…”

Section: The Case Of Hungarymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Commercialisation of Propaganda and the Independence of the Fourth Estate – a Contribution to the Discussion on Contemporary Threats to Media Freedom

Skrzypczak

2023

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The article presents the phenomenon of the so-called privatisation of censorship and the commercialisation of propaganda and their impact on the independence of the fourth authority. The author intends to confirm or question the hypothesis according to which, in the 21st century, the new phenomenon of the so-called privatisation of censorship and the commercialisation of propaganda. To this end, he intends to use a descriptive method, situational analysis, and comparative analysis elements. The concept of the so-called “privatisation of censorship” was first described by J. Kurzlantick and P. Link based on observing components of the media policy of the People’s Republic of China towards Taiwan in the 21st century. According to these authors, a very worrying phenomenon can be seen in outsourcing content control to private sector representatives. This means that censorship is delegated to private media companies. This action is supposed to consist of exercising actual control over the circulation of content and messages, not by state bodies but by media owners or advertisers who exert direct or indirect pressure, usually economic, on journalists intending to publish critical texts. The concept of privatisation of censorship should be broadened to the idea of the so-called commercialisation of propaganda. This type of strategy seems to be observed in Hungary and Poland in recent years, the most apparent evidence of which is the remedial action taken recently by the European Union, particularly the European Media Freedom Act proposal. Based on the analysis of the described examples seen in Taiwan, Hungary and Poland, it has been demonstrated that the measures referred to as the privatisation of censorship and the commercialisation of propaganda can prove very effective and thus dangerous for the independence of the fourth estate. The current legal regulations guaranteeing freedom of speech and the media, although explicitly prohibiting, among other things, preventive censorship, turn out to be insufficient in ensuring the independence of the fourth authority in the case of actions termed “privatisation of censorship” and “commercialisation of propaganda”.

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“…In the second half of the 2010s, the impacts of digitalization and globalization intensified with the increasing presence of transnational SVOD services and the boom in social media, but they were counterbalanced by the increasing politicization of the press and broadcasting, especially in Hungary and Poland, and by the concentration of media ownership in the hands of local oligarchs across the whole region (Polyák 2015;Połońska and Beckett 2019). The new national concentration of media, together with the revived regulatory power of national governments, often adopting populist agendas, mark what has been labelled in the media policy literature as the 'return of the state' (Flew, Iosifidis and Steemers 2016), or 'post-globalization' (Flew 2018).…”

Section: Europeanization Digitalization and The 'Return Of The State'...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Screen Industries in East-Central Europe

Szczepanik¹

2021

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The Hungarian Media System. Stopping Short or Re-Transformation?

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Right-Wing Authoritarianism and Social Dominance Orientation as Mediators Between News Media Consumption and Perceived Migrant Threat

Right-Wing Authoritarianism and Social Dominance Orientation as Mediators Between News Media Consumption and Perceived Migrant Threat

The Commercialisation of Propaganda and the Independence of the Fourth Estate – a Contribution to the Discussion on Contemporary Threats to Media Freedom

Screen Industries in East-Central Europe

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