The Human Virome and Its Crosslink with Glomerulonephritis and IgA Nephropathy

Sallustio, Fabio; Picerno, Angela; Montenegro, Francesca; Cimmarusti, Maria Teresa; Leo, Vincenzo Di; Gesualdo, Loreto

doi:10.3390/ijms24043897

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 125 publications

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“… 28 Involvement of IL-6 plays a critical role in the IgA deposition process of IgAN. 29 PKR is typically activated by both viral and bacterial RNA species. Interestingly, an independent study demonstrated that HBsAg augments the glucose/cAMP/PKR/CREB signaling pathway.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B Virus Status and Clinical Outcomes in IgA Nephropathy

Gao,

Xu,

et al. 2024

Kidney International Reports

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B Virus Status and Clinical Outcomes in IgA Nephropathy

Gao,

Xu,

et al. 2024

Kidney International Reports

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“…Viral infections are involved in a variety of glomerular diseases ( Sallustio et al, 2023 ). The gut virome, particularly the part dominated by bacteriophages, plays a crucial role in the ecological balance of gut microbiota.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Causal relationship between gut microbiota and chronic renal failure: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study

Liu,

Mo,

Yang

et al. 2024

Front. Microbiol.

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BackgroundObservational studies and some experimental investigations have indicated that gut microbiota are closely associated with the incidence and progression of chronic renal failure. However, the causal relationship between gut microbiota and chronic renal failure remains unclear. The present study employs a two-sample Mendelian randomization approach to infer the causal relationship between gut microbiota and chronic renal failure at the genetic level. This research aims to determine whether there is a causal effect of gut microbiota on the risk of chronic renal failure, aiming to provide new evidence to support targeted gut therapy for the treatment of chronic renal failure.MethodsEmploying genome-wide association study (GWAS) data from the public MiBioGen and IEU OpenGWAS platform, a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis was conducted. The causal relationship between gut microbiota and chronic renal failure was inferred using five different methods: Inverse Variance Weighted, MR-Egger, Weighted Median, Simple Mode, and Weighted Mode. The study incorporated sensitivity analyses that encompassed evaluations for pleiotropy and heterogeneity. Subsequently, the results of the Mendelian randomization analysis underwent a stringent correction for multiple testing, employing the False Discovery Rate method to enhance the validity of our findings.ResultsAccording to the results from the Inverse Variance Weighted method, seven bacterial genera show a significant association with the outcome variable chronic renal failure. Of these, Ruminococcus (gauvreauii group) (OR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.71–0.94, p = 0.004) may act as a protective factor against chronic renal failure, while the genera Escherichia-Shigella (OR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.08–1.38, p = 0.001), Lactococcus (OR = 1.1, 95% CI = 1.02–1.19, p = 0.013), Odoribacter (OR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.03–1.49, p = 0.026), Enterorhabdus (OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.00–1.29, p = 0.047), Eubacterium (eligens group) (OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.02–1.37, p = 0.024), and Howardella (OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.09–1.28, p < 0.001) may be risk factors for chronic renal failure. However, after correction for multiple comparisons using False Discovery Rate, only the associations with Escherichia-Shigella and Howardella remain significant, indicating that the other genera have suggestive associations. Sensitivity analyses did not reveal any pleiotropy or heterogeneity.ConclusionOur two-sample Mendelian randomization study suggests that the genera Escherichia-Shigella and Howardella are risk factors for chronic renal failure, and they may serve as potential targets for future therapeutic interventions. However, the exact mechanisms of action are not yet clear, necessitating further research to elucidate their precise roles fully.

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“…Starting from the assumption that in patients with IgAN there is an alteration of the intestinal microbiota, new therapeutic strategies are emerging, such as the use of antibiotics or dietary implementation with prebiotics and/or probiotics, or FMT [66,67].…”

Section: Fecal Microbiota Transplantationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Refractory IgA Nephropathy: A Challenge for Future Nephrologists

Di Leo,

Annese,

Papadia

et al. 2024

Medicina

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IgA nephropathy (IgAN) represents the most prevalent form of primary glomerulonephritis, and, on a global scale, it ranks among the leading culprits behind end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). Presently, the primary strategy for managing IgAN revolves around optimizing blood pressure and mitigating proteinuria. This is achieved through the utilization of renin–angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitors, namely, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs). As outlined by the KDIGO guidelines, individuals who continue to show a persistent high risk of progressive ESKD, even with comprehensive supportive care, are candidates for glucocorticoid therapy. Despite these therapies, some patients have a disease refractory to treatment, defined as individuals that present a 24 h urinary protein persistently >1 g after at least two rounds of regular steroids (methylprednisolone or prednisone) and/or immunosuppressant therapy (e.g., mycophenolate mofetil), or who do not tolerate regular steroids and/or immunosuppressant therapy. The aim of this Systematic Review is to revise the current literature, using the biomedical database PubMed, to investigate possible therapeutic strategies, including SGLT2 inhibitors, endothelin receptor blockers, targeted-release budesonide, B cell proliferation and differentiation inhibitors, fecal microbiota transplantation, as well as blockade of complement components.

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The Human Virome and Its Crosslink with Glomerulonephritis and IgA Nephropathy

Cited by 5 publications

References 125 publications

Hepatitis B Virus Status and Clinical Outcomes in IgA Nephropathy

Hepatitis B Virus Status and Clinical Outcomes in IgA Nephropathy

Causal relationship between gut microbiota and chronic renal failure: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study

Refractory IgA Nephropathy: A Challenge for Future Nephrologists

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