The human ubiquitin multigene family: some genes contain multiple directly repeated ubiquitin coding sequences.

Abstract

Ubiquitin coding sequences were isolated from a human genomic library and two cDNA libraries. One human ubiquitin gene consists of 2055 nucleotides and codes for a polyprotein consisting of 685 amino acid residues. The polyprotein contains nine direct repeats of the ubiquitin amino acid sequence and the last ubiquitin sequence is extended with an additional valyl residue at the C‐terminal end. No spacer sequences separate the ubiquitin repeats and the coding regions are not interrupted by intervening sequences. This particular gene is transcribed since cDNAs corresponding to the genomic sequence have been isolated. At least two more types of ubiquitin genes are encoded in the human genome, one coding for an ubiquitin monomer while another presumably codes for three or four direct repeats of the ubiquitin sequence. Human DNA contains many copies of the ubiquitin sequence. Ubiquitin is therefore encoded in the human genome as a multigene family.

Characterization of Novel Leishmania infantum Recombinant Proteins Encoded by Genes from Five Families with Distinct Capacities for Serodiagnosis of Canine and Human Visceral Leishmaniasis

“…56 If one considers only one repeat, L. infantum polyubiquitin has only two and four amino acid differences (at positions 14, 52, 70, and 77) relative to canine and human ubiquitin, respectively. Nevertheless, it has been shown that patients with chronic Chagas' disease produce antibodies against T. cruzi ubiquitin, 57 the monomer of which has only three amino acid differences relative to human ubiquitin.…”

Characterization of the Nucleotide Sequence of a Polyubiquitin Gene (PUBC1) from Arabian Camel, Camelus dromedarius

“…The primers were designed on the basis of the sequence data for human polyubiquitin C (Wiborg et al, 1985). A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed using PuRe Taq Ready-To-Go PCR Beads (Amersham, Biosciences, Piscataway, USA) with different primers sets ( Table 1).…”

“…encode for polyubiquitin that contains three, four, or nine repeats of ubiquitin, while others encode for only one ubiquitin sequence (Wiborg et al, 1985). In present study, two incomplete units of ubiquitin were amplified from the camel genomic DNA using specific primers.…”

Studies of specific gene induction during apoptosis of cell lines conditionally immortalized by SV40

“…10 mg of total RNA was fractionated on 1% agaroseformamide gel and transferred to nylon membrane (HybondN, Amersham) according to [10]. Probes for calmodulin, chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan core protein, clusterin, ubiquitin and GAPDH were obtained, respectively, by labeling of the insert of plasmid p21, p8.5 [11], pSP64-60HE [12], pHUB14.38 [13] and pGAPD-13 [14], respectively, with [32p]dCTP by random primers using the megaprime-labeling systems (Amersham). Probes for RP8, glutathione S-transferase (made from plasmids pRP-8 [15], pGST2 [16]) were labeled with [32p]dCTP by PCR of pBluescript inserts.…”