The human dimension in addressing conflict with large carnivores

Dickman, Amy; Marchini, Silvio; Manfredo, Michael J.

doi:10.1002/9781118520178.ch7

Cited by 111 publications

(134 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Based on previous research on large carnivore management (e.g., Bath et al, 2008;Davenport et al, 2010;Dickman et al, 2013;Manfredo, Zinn, Sikorowski, & Jones, 1998;Sponarski et al, 2014) and the role of agency credibility (Fayram et al, 2009), the following hypotheses were advanced ( Figure 1): H1 Acceptability of big cats will be:…”

Section: Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given that emotional dispositions are traits (reflecting who you are), they are usually stable and present even if they are not active (Vaske & Manfredo, 2012). Dickman, Marchini, and Manfredo (2013) suggested that people may simultaneously like, hate, admire, and fear large carnivores. Fear is a basic human emotion (Izard, 1977;Kemper, 1987) that influences the way people experience and respond to wildlife (Bruskotter & Wilson, 2014;Dickman et al, 2013;Jacobs et al, 2014;Manfredo, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Dickman, Marchini, and Manfredo (2013) suggested that people may simultaneously like, hate, admire, and fear large carnivores. Fear is a basic human emotion (Izard, 1977;Kemper, 1987) that influences the way people experience and respond to wildlife (Bruskotter & Wilson, 2014;Dickman et al, 2013;Jacobs et al, 2014;Manfredo, 2008). Fear, for example, has been shown to affect acceptance of bears (Zajac et al, 2012), intentions to kill jaguars (Marchini & Macdonald, 2012), and attitudes toward Eurasian lynx (Bath, Olszanska, & Okarma, 2008) and wolves (Bath, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Predicting Acceptability of Jaguars and Pumas in the Atlantic Forest, Brazil

Engel

Vaske

Bath

et al. 2016

Human Dimensions of Wildlife

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Jaguars and pumas are threatened species in Brazil's Atlantic Forest, especially at the borders of protected areas. This article assessed the influence of emotions, attitudes, existence value, and agency credibility on acceptability of big cats among rural residents living adjacent to two protected areas in this forest. Data from self-administrated questionnaires (n = 326) indicated those with positive attitudes toward big cats (β = .28, p < .001), those who valued the existence of big cats (β = .14, p < .05), those who would feel sorrow if big cats disappeared (β = .21, p < .001), and those who considered the managing agency as credible (β = .16, p = .002) were more accepting of big cats. The model provided theoretical and practical insights into large carnivore conservation. For example, given the significance of agency credibility, a positive relationship between park authorities and residents is crucial for big cat conservation.

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Section: Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Predicting Acceptability of Jaguars and Pumas in the Atlantic Forest, Brazil

Engel

Vaske

Bath

et al. 2016

Human Dimensions of Wildlife

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“…Due to the call for more participatory methods be used to help find acceptable solutions for improving human-carnivore interactions (Dickman et al, 2013), this research has devised a new participatory decision-making technique that could be employed where there is: 1) a diverse group of stakeholders, 2) differences in opinions over how to manage a problem, and 3) an uncertain future -problems which could all act to hinder face-to-face negotiations but are very common in environmental problems. Conservation managers and policy makers across the world may find this decision-making technique helpful when undertaking participatory planning, but caution must be used when relying solely on this method, due to the limitations mentioned earlier in this chapter.…”

Section: Policy and Management Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been suggested that social science can assist in helping to tackle the anthropogenic threats towards carnivores (Dickman, Marchini, & Manfredo, 2013). Conservation conflicts in particular can threaten social connections between people, which can develop and mirror the wider conflicts associated with different values and perspective that people hold towards wildlife (Anthony, Scott, & Antypas, 2010;Goldman, Roque De Pinho, & Perry, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the human dimensions of coexistence between carnivores and people: A case study in Namibia

Rust¹

2018

Preprint

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Many carnivore populations were in decline throughout much of the 20 th century, but due to recent conservation policies, their numbers are stabilising or even increasing in some areas of the world. This, compounded with human population growth, has caused increased livestock depredation by carnivores, which threatens farmer livelihoods, particularly those in developing countries such as Namibia. How to resolve this so-called "conflict" between carnivores and livestock farmers remains challenging, in part because some mitigation strategies have proven somewhat ineffective or unacceptable. By using a case-study approach on the commercial farmlands of northcentral Namibia, I aimed to understand the complexity of the human dimensions affecting coexistence between carnivores and people in an unprotected working landscape. Specifically, my objectives were to 1) develop a participatory decisionmaking exercise to analyse the views of stakeholders on how they would like carnivores to be managed in unprotected lands, 2) understand how the media framed financial incentives to improve human-carnivore coexistence, and 3) determine if there were any underlying social, economic or political causes of negative human-carnivore interactions on commercial livestock farms.To answer objective 1, I developed a new decision-making exercise that combined Q-methodology and the Delphi technique to determine whether a diverse group of stakeholders could agree on how to manage carnivores on commercial farmland. A strong agreement was reached by participants: providing conservation education and training on livestock husbandry were acceptable and effective ways to improve coexistence with carnivores. This new also method highlighted areas of disagreement between stakeholders and showed that there were two different narratives on how carnivores should be managed. This method could be used by policy makers to help with participatory decision-making for resolving other conservation conflicts.To answer objective 2, I undertook content analysis of national newspapers to determine how the media framed articles on financial incentives to mitigate this conservation conflict. The most common (30%) financial incentive discussed was compensation -many (61%) of these articles framed compensation positively. Niki Rust © 2015However, upon categorising these articles into those where respondents were enrolled in compensation schemes compared with those who were not, a clear pattern emerged: articles were more likely (89%) to be framed ambivalently or negatively when respondents had experience of this financial incentive compared with respondents that did not. These results can help conservationists plan more effective communication interventions and anticipate issues that can affect the success of mitigation strategies.To answer objective 3, I undertook eight months of participant observation on livestock farms and interviewed 69 respondents and found that reported livestock depredation was associated with increased instances of poaching of wildl...

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