The Human Brain Project: Creating a European Research Infrastructure to Decode the Human Brain

Amunts, Katrin; Ebell, Christoph; Müller, J. F. Esteban; Telefont, Martin; Knoll, Alois; Lippert, Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2016.10.046

Cited by 258 publications

(189 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The brain and brain diseases, long a subject of intense research interest, are increasingly a focus of the general population [808182838485], possibly reflecting the high economic and societal burdens associated with brain diseases [86]. Brain disease can be classified according to age.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered GABAergic Signaling in Brain Disease at Various Stages of Life

Kim

Yoon

2017

Exp Neurobiol

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In the healthy brain, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is regulated by neurons and glia. This begs the question: what happens in the malfunctioning brain? There are many reasons why diseases occur, including genetic mutations, systemic problems, and environmental influences. There are also many ways in which GABA can become dysregulated, such as through alterations in its synthesis or release, and changes in systems that respond to it. Notably, dysregulation of GABA can have a large impact on the brain. To date, few reviews have examined brain diseases in which dysregulation of GABA is implicated as an underlying factor. Accordingly, the time is ripe for investigating alterations in GABAergic signaling that may play a role in changes in neuronal activity observed in the major brain disorders that occur during various stages of life. This review is meant to provide a better understanding of the role of GABA in brain health and contributor to social problems from a scientific perspective.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered GABAergic Signaling in Brain Disease at Various Stages of Life

Kim

Yoon

2017

Exp Neurobiol

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“…The project involves the development of new supercomputing technologies to federate and manage the data, to integrate it in computer models and simulations of the brain, to identify patterns and organizational principles that only appear when the data is gathered, and to identify gaps to be filled by new experiments [20,21]. Expected outcomes of the research include the creation and operation of an ICT infrastructure for neuroscience and brain related research in medicine and computing which will help us achieve a multilevel understanding of the brain (from genes to cognition); of its diseases and the effects of drugs (allowing early diagnoses and personalised treatments) and to capture the brain's computational capabilities [22].…”

Section: Rri and Reflexivity In The Human Brain Projectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroethics and Philosophy in Responsible Research and Innovation: The Case of the Human Brain Project

2018

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Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI)is an important ethical, legal, and political theme for the European Commission. Although variously defined, it is generally understood as an interactive process that engages social actors, researchers, and innovators who must be mutually responsive and work towards the ethical permissibility of the relevant research and its products. The framework of RRI calls for contextually addressing not just research and innovation impact but also the background research process, specially the societal visions underlying it and the norms and priorities that shape scientific agendas. This requires the integration of anticipatory, inclusive, and responsive dimensions, and the nurturing of a certain type of reflexivity among a variety of stakeholders, from scientists to funders. In this paper, we do not address potential limitations but focus on the potential contribution of philosophical reflection to RRI in the context of the Ethics and Society subproject of the Human Brain Project (HBP). We show how the type of conceptual analysis provided by philosophically oriented approaches theoretically and ethically broadens research and innovation within the HBP. We further suggest that overt inclusion of philosophical reflection can promote the aims and objectives of RRI.

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“…The scalability is also one of the main requirements to develop a framework with cognitive architecture. The ultimate goal of such plat-forms is to model a complete human brain [52]. However, this is a long-term goal and is treated with cautious optimism by scientific community, since the full potential of those neuromorphic systems has yet to be realized.…”

Section: Scalable Neuromorphic Platformmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding a Deep Learning Technique through a Neuromorphic System a Case Study with SpiNNaker Neuromorphic Platform

Sugiarto

Pasila

2018

MATEC Web Conf.

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Abstract. Deep learning (DL) has been considered as a breakthrough technique in the field of artificial intelligence and machine learning. Conceptually, it relies on a many-layer network that exhibits a hierarchically non-linear processing capability. Some DL architectures such as deep neural networks, deep belief networks and recurrent neural networks have been developed and applied to many fields with incredible results, even comparable to human intelligence. However, many researchers are still sceptical about its true capability: can the intelligence demonstrated by deep learning technique be applied for general tasks? This question motivates the emergence of another research discipline: neuromorphic computing (NC). In NC, researchers try to identify the most fundamental ingredients that construct intelligence behaviour produced by the brain itself. To achieve this, neuromorphic systems are developed to mimic the brain functionality down to cellular level. In this paper, a neuromorphic platform called SpiNNaker is described and evaluated in order to understand its potential use as a platform for a deep learning approach. This paper is a literature review that contains comparative study on algorithms that have been implemented in SpiNNaker.

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The Human Brain Project: Creating a European Research Infrastructure to Decode the Human Brain

Cited by 258 publications

References 17 publications

Altered GABAergic Signaling in Brain Disease at Various Stages of Life

Altered GABAergic Signaling in Brain Disease at Various Stages of Life

Neuroethics and Philosophy in Responsible Research and Innovation: The Case of the Human Brain Project

Understanding a Deep Learning Technique through a Neuromorphic System a Case Study with SpiNNaker Neuromorphic Platform

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