The Hormonal Control of Metabolism and Feeding

Matty, A. J.; Lone, Khalid P.

doi:10.1007/978-94-011-7918-8_7

Cited by 22 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Since in common carp O 2 extraction is quite high even in normoxia (Lomholt & Johansen, 1979), oxygen demand during hypoxia has to be satisfied by an increase in gill ventilation (Glass et al, 1990). When performing maximal or short-duration exercise, such as hyperventilation, ATP is generated almost exclusively from carbohydrates (Wilmore & Costill, 1994) and during such exercises glycogen stores in fish muscle are depleted very rapidly (Matty & Lone, 1985). An earlier study observed a pronounced decrease of glycogen stores when common carp were exposed to BW for more than 2 weeks (De Boeck et al, 2000).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salt stress and resistance to hypoxic challenges in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)

Boeck¹,

Vlaeminck²,

Linden³

et al. 2000

Journal of Fish Biology

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Long term exposure to brackish water (171 m NaCl) affected the capacity of common carp Cyprinus carpio to deal with hypoxic conditions and the critical oxygen concentrations for oxygen consumption increased. In addition, regulation of ammonia excretion was lost. The cytosolic phosphorylation potential (the index of the energy status of a cell in terms of potential transferable phosphate groups) in the lateral muscle on the other hand remained relatively unaffected, indicating that oxygen transport to the tissues was not severely compromised. It appears that exposure to brackish water reduces the capacity of common carp to cope with hypoxic conditions mainly because of the high energetic cost of hyperventilation under conditions where energy stores are depleted, and not because of any impeded oxygen transport mechanisms. 2000 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salt stress and resistance to hypoxic challenges in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)

Boeck¹,

Vlaeminck²,

Linden³

et al. 2000

Journal of Fish Biology

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“…Triiodothyronine (TO enhances growth in salmonids [60], Both T4 (thyroxine) and T3 given orally to young coho salmon led to an increase in weight and length and an improvement in intake and conversion of food. T3 enhanced growth in Tilapia whereas T4 did not support growth [61]. The growth-promoting influence of T4 in brook trout is accompanied by a trend towards mobilisation rather than deposition of fat [62],…”

Section: Hormonal Influencementioning

confidence: 98%

Growth in Fishes

Dutta¹

1994

Gerontology

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Fishes exhibit a ‘determinate’ type of growth in short-lived species of warmer regions and an ‘indeterminate’ type in long-lived species of colder regions. Growth is measured in units of length and weight and is best represented as the specific growth rate. The relationship between weight and length provides an index of the state of well-being of a fish (condition factor ‘K’). Growth could also be measured by using certain other criteria such as glycine uptake by scales, hepatosomatic index, RNA:DNA ratio and protein retention in the tissues. Nutrition, including the quality and quantity of food, plays a significant role in growth regulation. A number of environmental factors, such as temperature, oxygen concentration, salinity and photoperiod, influence the rate of growth. Recent data suggest that genotypes, hormones and physiological conditions of the individual are also equally important endogenous regulators of growth.

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“…In addition, and despite the large glycogen storage (probably taking place in the first hours of insulin exposure), decreased mRNA levels of GLUTs and glycolytic enzymes (probably reflecting depressed glucose transport and utilization) in the white muscle of trout were found, which could also be taking place in response to the hypoglycaemia. Thus even though the basis of this response in fish remains to be elucidated, the increase in the level of glycogenolytic hormones (adrenaline or glucagon) as a result of the insulin-induced hypoglycaemia (Matty and Lone, 1985) seems to be the more logical explanation. Our results show that under physiological insulin treatment most of the results obtained in other studies with pharmacological doses are not observed, probably due to a saturation of the system under high insulin levels (Ince, 1983a) which may mask the counter-regulatory natural response to hypoglycaemia by the trout.…”

Section: Acute Insulin Administration: Metabolic Regulation In Musclementioning

confidence: 99%

Insulin-induced hypoglycaemia is co-ordinately regulated by liver and muscle during acute and chronic insulin stimulation in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Polakof

Skiba‐Cassy

Choubert

et al. 2010

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYThe relative glucose intolerance of carnivorous fish species is often proposed to be a result of poor peripheral insulin action or possibly insulin resistance. In the present study, data from aortic cannulated rainbow trout receiving bovine insulin (75 mIU kg -1 ) injections show for the first time their ability to clear glucose in a very efficient manner. In another set of experiments, mRNA transcripts and protein phosphorylation status of proteins controlling glycaemia and glucose-related metabolism were studied during both acute and chronic treatment with bovine insulin. Our results show that fasted rainbow trout are well adapted at the molecular level to respond to increases in circulating insulin levels, and that this hormone is able to potentially improve glucose distribution and uptake by peripheral tissues. After acute insulin administration we found that to counter-regulate the insulininduced hypoglycaemia, trout metabolism is strongly modified. This short-term, efficient response to hypoglycaemia includes a rapid, coordinated response involving the reorganization of muscle and liver metabolism. During chronic insulin treatment some of the functions traditionally attributed to insulin actions in mammals were observed, including increased mRNA levels of glucose transporters and glycogen storage (primarily in the muscle) as well as decreased mRNA levels of enzymes involved in de novo glucose production (in the liver). Finally, we show that the rainbow trout demonstrates most of the classic metabolic adjustments employed by mammals to efficiently utilize glucose in the appropriate insulin context.

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The Hormonal Control of Metabolism and Feeding

Cited by 22 publications

References 16 publications

Salt stress and resistance to hypoxic challenges in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)

Salt stress and resistance to hypoxic challenges in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)

Growth in Fishes

Insulin-induced hypoglycaemia is co-ordinately regulated by liver and muscle during acute and chronic insulin stimulation in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

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