The Horizontal Deformation Analysis of High-rise Buildings

Abstract

The horizontal deformation analysis of high-rise buildings, quite often is complicated because buildings like chimneys, towers and etc, have complex and asymmetric shapes, consequently there is not always the possibility to apply the method of single points motion analysis. Furthermore, the horizontal deformation analysis is complicated using standard measurement methods like measurements with electronic total stations or optical theodolites. In such case the terrestrial laser scanner could be superior to traditional measurements. However, the terrestrial laser scanner still not widely used to survey building horizontal deformations using high precision measurements. The main aim of this work is to determine the suitability to measure deflections of buildings from the vertical using terrestrial laser scanners and to investigate point cloud data processing. Measurements of horizontal deformation were carried out using the over ground laser scanner and electronic total station. Horizontal deformations of chimneys of thermal power plants were investigated using corresponding methods. Deformation indicators and evaluated measurement accuracies between different methods were compared. Data analysis of terrestrial laser scanning is more complex, time consuming and requires sophisticated hardware resources in comparison with the traditional methods, however results are much more detailed and informative.

Industrial Masonry Chimney Geometry Analysis: A Total Station Based Evaluation of the Unmanned Aerial System Photogrammetry Approach

“…This subsection describes the applied GRN adjustment procedures, TS data processing, UAS imagery processing, the method of cross-sectional ellipse modeling, and methods of chimney axis modeling. For more research examples on the cross-sectional approach of high industrial chimney axis inclination modelling and analysis, an interested reader is referred to [ 1 , 13 , 15 , 16 , 26 ].…”

“…Furthermore, Zheng et al [ 10 ] proposed a method which combines the basic principles of close-range photogrammetry and traditional engineering surveying and is based on the measurements of the chimney silhouette by means of an imaging station (IS), and thus greatly increases the efficiency of field work. Extensive research in the application of terrestrial laser scanners (TLSs) in deformation analysis of the chimney structure has been conducted [ 1 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ]. The TLS approach is highly effective in acquiring large data sets, but based on the type of measured chimney, the method is not always applicable.…”

“…Daliga and Kurałowicz [ 16 ] conclude and emphasize that laser scanner measurement, due to surface reflection, should be avoided for stainless steel chimneys. Results obtained on masonry and concrete chimneys suggest TLSs are, for these types of chimneys, suitable for deformation analysis and axis inclination determination [ 11 , 13 ]. However, there is not a definite consensus as to whether the TLS approach is favorable to classical TS measurements [ 12 , 14 ].…”

Review on the Research and Applications of TLS in Ground Surface and Constructions Deformation Monitoring

“…By continuously measuring the coordinate values on the horizontal plane, the deflection of the object axis can be calculated, and the deviation from the center is the deviation from the vertical line of the measured object. To monitor the verticality of chimneys, two methods were proposed to estimate the center at different levels [ 64 ]. The first solution is a manual method using traditional CAD software, where the circular fitting is performed manually by point cloud slicing.…”