The HIV-1 Surface Protein gp120 Has No Effect on Transmembrane Signal Transduction in T Cells

Urinary NGAL Marks Cystic Disease in HIV-Associated Nephropathy

“…Because HIV-transgenic mice (Tg-FVB) 17 display a syndrome identical to HIVAN 18 and lack the confounds typically present in human cohorts, we measured NGAL expression in kidneys of Tg-FVB and wild-type (WT) littermates (Affymetrix, Mouse Genome 430 2.0 microarrays; Geo Accession Number Series GSE14221). NGAL was one of the most highly upregulated genes among 39,000 transcripts, demonstrating 62-and 109-fold increases at 6 and 8 wk, respectively ( Figure 2A).…”

Binding of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 to CD4 Induces Association of Lck and Raf-1 and Activates Raf-1 by a Ras-Independent Pathway

“…These results implicate CD4-associated tyrosine kinase Lck in the transduction of signals that may target T-cell-specific transcription factors and subsequently the expression of cellular genes. Although stimulation of the Lck activity by HIV-1/gp120 binding is well documented (38,73,88), other studies argue against HIV-1/gp120-induced signaling (39,45). Therefore, the molecular mechanisms of the CD4-Lck-mediated signaling and its role in HIV-1 pathogenesis need further clarification.…”

Phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase and PI 4-kinase binding to the CD4-p56lck complex: the p56lck SH3 domain binds to PI 3-kinase but not PI 4-kinase.

“…CD4-p56lck complex can also physically associate with the TcRUICD3 complex (8), and as such synergize with the TcRC/CD3 complex in augmenting T-cell proliferation (2,20,21). Although anti-CD4 cross-linking may increase lck activity (43,71), the effects of HIV-1 gpl20 have been controversial (32,35,37). p56Ick may be responsible for the tyrosine phosphorylation of substrates induced by CD4 or TcRUICD3 ligation (19,34,71).…”

“…Conditions of HIV gpl20 binding were established as previously described (37). gpl20 was radiolabelled with "2I-Bolton Hunter reagent and incubated with 2 x 105 cells for 2 h. Free and bound ligands were separated by centrifugation of cells through silicon oil (specific density: 1.011 g/ml).…”