The History of Food Fortification in the United States: Its Relevance for Current Fortification Efforts in Developing Countries

Bishai, David; Nalubola, Ritu

doi:10.1086/345361

Cited by 108 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Clark, Robert and Hampton 2016), and is thought to be stronger among specialised experts in a given field compared with individuals with broader areas of expertise (Tichy 2004). 2 In fact, as Bishai and Nalubola (2002) show, following the success of salt iodisation in eliminating goitre in the US Midwest in the 1920s, the championing of other forms of food fortification (notably that of wheat flour and bread with iron) was based on technocratic optimism rather than specific evidence of impact. 3 Evidence of positive impact of flour fortification programmes is, understandably, even more ambivalent than that based on trials (Hurrell et al 2010;Pachón et al 2015).…”

Section: Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Going Against the Grain of Optimism: Flour Fortification in Pakistan

Ansari

Mehmood

Gazdar³

2018

IDS Bulletin

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Food fortification is a popular strategy for addressing 'hidden hunger', and staple foods are seen as promising, if unproven, vehicles for the delivery of essential micronutrients to poor people in developing countries. This article examines wheat flour fortification with iron in Pakistan as a case of technocratic optimism in the face of institutional constraints. An evaluative framework based on the analysis of entire value chains can provide a reality check on technocratic optimism. We find that poor people based their preferences for different types of flour on price as well as perceptions of nutritional value. Many of these flour types are not covered by fortification programmes. Fortification interventions, meanwhile, have attempted to leverage public-private partnerships in a segment of the wheat flour value chain which is beset with regulatory weakness. This article illustrates why technical interventions should support rather than ignore a broader agenda of reforms in food policy.

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Section: Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The processes and actions analysed by May et al (2003) in the context of health systems could easily apply to the role of champions such as the American Medical Association in the 1920s and 1930s (Bishai and Nalubola 2002), or The Lancet 2013 Nutrition Series (e.g. Bhutta et al 2013) in the current discourse on food fortification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Going Against the Grain of Optimism: Flour Fortification in Pakistan

Ansari

Mehmood

Gazdar³

2018

IDS Bulletin

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“…In order to improve the nutrient content which naturally emerges, mineral and vitamin compounds are joined to foods. With a view to improving protein and/or calorie intake, a drink in the form of milkshake is given between meals three or four times a day [22,23]. It has been demonstrated that food fortification improves nutritional intake of the neurosurgical patients that often do not eat up whole meal served on their plates [24].…”

Section: Food Fortificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stan odżywienia pacjentów Neurochirurgicznego Oddziału Intensywnej Opieki Medycznej

Kaya

Turan

Aydın

2017

PNIN

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Neurosurgical patients present important metabolic alterations that trigger increased energy and protein expenditure. The clinical condition in neuro patients associated with the use of sedatives, steroids, barbiturates and musclerelaxing drugs postpones the use of nutrients in these patients and, thus, complications, including infection and longer hospitalization, may occur. Weight loss, negative nitrogen balance and immune dysfunction constitute a characteristic response in neurosurgical patients. There is a strong relationship between adequate nutritional status and recovery from critical illness. Improved nutritional status is associated with positive clinical outcomes. The health care team, nurses in particular, play a major role in the management and maintenance of an optimal nutritional status in patients who are in the neurosurgical clinic. This compilation aims at highlighting the fact that inadequate nutrition is a serious problem which increases incidence of morbidity and mortality especially in neurosurgical patients. The article also emphasises the importance of nursing assessment. (JNNN 2017;6(1):33-38) Key Words: neuro patients, neurosurgery, nutrition Streszczenie U pacjentów Neurochirurgicznego Oddziału Intensywnej Opieki Medycznej występują istotne zmiany metaboliczne, które powodują zwiększone wydatkowanie energii i białka. Neurochirurgiczny stan kliniczny w wyniku stosowania środków uspokajających, steroidów, barbituranów i leków zwiotczających mięśnie opóźnia wykorzystanie składników pokarmowych w tej grupie pacjentów, a zatem mogą wystąpić powikłania, w tym infekcje i dłuższa hospitalizacja. Utrata masy ciała, ujemny bilans azotu i dysfunkcja układu odpornościowego stanowią charakterystyczną odpowiedź u pacjentów neurochirurgicznych. Istnieje silny związek pomiędzy odpowiednim stanem odżywienia i regeneracją po chorobie krytycznej. Dobry stan odżywienia jest związany z pozytywnymi wynikami klinicznymi. Zespół opieki zdrowotnej, w szczególności pielęgniarki, odgrywają ważną rolę w utrzymaniu optymalnego stanu odżywienia u pacjentów neurochirurgicznych. Przegląd ten ma na celu podkreślenie, że przeciętny stan odżywienia jest poważnym problemem w kontekście zwiększonej zachorowalności i śmiertelności, zwłaszcza u pacjentów neurochirurgicznych. Artykuł zwraca również uwagę na duże znaczenie oceny pielęgniarskiej. (PNN 2017;6(1):33-38) Słowa kluczowe: pacjenci neurologiczni, neurochirurgia, odżywianie

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“…Another early use of fortification was the introduction of vitamin D in milk. By the end of the 1930s, virtually all milk in the U.S. was fortified (5). Thiamin (vitamin B1) was first synthesized in 1936 by Robert R. Williams, and in 1942, the fortification of white flour and bread with thiamin became required by the State of South Carolina.…”

Section: Fortificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micronutrient Fortification of Food: Issues for Asia

Smith

2015

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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The History of Food Fortification in the United States: Its Relevance for Current Fortification Efforts in Developing Countries

Cited by 108 publications

References 13 publications

Going Against the Grain of Optimism: Flour Fortification in Pakistan

Going Against the Grain of Optimism: Flour Fortification in Pakistan

Stan odżywienia pacjentów Neurochirurgicznego Oddziału Intensywnej Opieki Medycznej

Micronutrient Fortification of Food: Issues for Asia

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