The History of Cyanobacterial Blooms in the Baltic Sea

Finni, Terttu; Kononen, Kaisa; Olsonen, Riitta; Wallström, Kerstin

doi:10.1579/0044-7447-30.4.172

Cited by 193 publications

(121 citation statements)

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“…Increasing phytoplankton biomass, decreased water transparency, stronger and more frequent cyanobacteria blooms, and less oxygen in the bottom water are the responses of the ecosystem to eutrophication (Elmgren 2001;Finni et al 2001). In particular, cyanobacteria cause environmental concern due to their potential toxicity and their ability to fix dinitrogen, which may contribute up to 50 % of the total nitrogen loads to the Baltic Sea (Wasmund et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extremes of Temperature, Oxygen and Blooms in the Baltic Sea in a Changing Climate

Neumann

Eilola

Gustafsson

et al. 2012

AMBIO

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In the future, the Baltic Sea ecosystem will be impacted both by climate change and by riverine and atmospheric nutrient inputs. Multi-model ensemble simulations comprising one IPCC scenario (A1B), two global climate models, two regional climate models, and three Baltic Sea ecosystem models were performed to elucidate the combined effect of climate change and changes in nutrient inputs. This study focuses on the occurrence of extreme events in the projected future climate. Results suggest that the number of days favoring cyanobacteria blooms could increase, anoxic events may become more frequent and last longer, and salinity may tend to decrease. Nutrient load reductions following the Baltic Sea Action Plan can reduce the deterioration of oxygen conditions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extremes of Temperature, Oxygen and Blooms in the Baltic Sea in a Changing Climate

Neumann

Eilola

Gustafsson

et al. 2012

AMBIO

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“…Finni et al, 2001;Verspagen et al, 2006). Recently, the occurrence of cyanobacteria in brackish water has come more into the spotlight, following the discovery by Miller et al (2010) of a clear link between deaths of 21 marine otters and a thriving toxic bloom of Microcystis in a Californian estuary.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Wille´n & Mattsson, 1997;Rocha et al, 2002;Verspagen et al, 2006). Filamentous forms of Pseudanabaena and the unicellular Cyanodictyon, Cyanonephron, Aphanothece, Aphanocapsa and Cyanocatena have also been recorded in brackish-water environments of the Baltic Sea, but less frequently than the genera already mentioned (Lehtima¨ki et al, 2000;Finni et al, 2001;Rocha et al, 2002;Stal et al, 2003;Surakka et al, 2005). Due to the significance of cyanobacteria overall in the dynamics of Baltic Sea communities, several comprehensive revisions have been published in recent years (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Planktonic and benthic cyanobacteria of European brackish waters: a perspective on estuaries and brackish seas

Lopes

Vasconcelos

2011

European Journal of Phycology

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Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic organisms found in aquatic and terrestrial biotopes and ecosystems throughout the world. Marine and freshwater cyanobacteria have been extensively studied due to the toxic hazards that some of them create and biotechnological interest. In contrast, the cyanobacteria of brackish waters have been less studied despite being able to form toxic blooms like their freshwater and marine counterparts. We review the occurrence, diversity and toxicity of cyanobacteria species in the brackish waters of Europe, mainly estuaries and brackish environments of the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean and Baltic Seas. The dominant cyanobacteria belong mainly to the planktonic genera Nodularia, Aphanizomenon, Microcystis and Anabaena, but also the benthic forms of Anabaena and Phormidium. Most genera from brackish waters are reported to be hepatotoxin producers (microcystin and nodularin). However, anatoxin-a and other bioactive compounds (e.g. apoptogens) can also be found and are produced exclusively by benthic forms. Nodularin is the best-characterized brackish-water cyanotoxin, being primarily produced by N. spumigena. Data are presented on cyanotoxin production, accumulation, and potential food chain transfer, with a particular focus on nodularin, which induces multiple effects on food-chain dynamics. Microcystins and anatoxin-a are also considered. Potential risks to animals and humans from cyanotoxin exposure are discussed, although reports of animal poisoning by brackish-water toxic cyanobacteria are scarce and no cases of human intoxication are yet known.

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“…Natural fertilisers were used in agriculture, and horses were intensively used for transportation in urban and rural areas. Sewage systems were constructed to prevent outbreaks of cholera and other diseases in the cities but sewage treatment was absent or very ineffective in many areas until after the Second World War [7].While human activity *Address correspondence to this author at the Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden E-mail: andreas.bryhn@geo.uu.se contributed to large nutrient inputs already one century ago, the effects from this activity did not become apparent in the open sea until the late 1960s when cyanobacterial blooms became a recurring nuisance [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in Total Phosphorus Loadings and Concentrations Regarding Surface Waters of the Baltic Sea, 1968-2007

Bryhn

2010

TOOCEAJ

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Abstract:The Baltic Sea, a large estuarine sea in northern Europe, has for many decades displayed obvious signs of anthropogenic eutrophication. This study relates long-term trends in total phosphorus (TP) loadings and TP concentrations in surface waters regarding five major sub-basins of the Baltic Sea; the Bothnian Bay, the Bothnian Sea, the Baltic Proper, the Gulf of Finland and the Gulf of Riga. The longest time series ever published on these variables was developed and used for this purpose. TP loadings to these waters have decreased greatly and significantly since the 1980s. However, TP concentrations have only decreased slightly in one of the sub-basins while concentrations have increased in the other four basins. Four possible hypotheses about the weak connection between TP loadings and concentrations are 1) increasing TP concentration is a delayed effect from many decades of intensive TP loading, 2) fewer saline inflows of high intensity have decreased sedimentation rates and increased TP concentrations, 3) fewer oxygen-rich saline inflows of high intensity have increased TP diffusion from deep sediments to the whole water column and 4) less ice in the winter has increased the erosion and resuspension of shallow sediments and increased TP concentrations.

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The History of Cyanobacterial Blooms in the Baltic Sea

Cited by 193 publications

References 0 publications

Extremes of Temperature, Oxygen and Blooms in the Baltic Sea in a Changing Climate

Extremes of Temperature, Oxygen and Blooms in the Baltic Sea in a Changing Climate

Planktonic and benthic cyanobacteria of European brackish waters: a perspective on estuaries and brackish seas

Trends in Total Phosphorus Loadings and Concentrations Regarding Surface Waters of the Baltic Sea, 1968-2007

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