The history of childhood trauma is associated with lipid disturbances and blood pressure in adult first-episode schizophrenia patients

Misiak, Błażej; Kiejna, Andrzej; Frydecka, Dorota

doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2015.03.017

Cited by 27 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Accordingly, in the obese population, rates of ELS/CT exposure are reported to be almost twice as high as in the non-obese population (69 vs. 39%) (283). Furthermore, ELS/CT has been repeatedly found to be independently associated with increased overall metabolic risk (284,285), obesity and increased visceral fat deposition (286)(287)(288), decreased HDL, increased LDL levels and lower HDL/LDL ratio (289,290), higher triglyceride levels (285), an overall prediabetic state (e.g., impaired insulin sensitivity) (291), reduced T3 levels and abnormal metabolism of thyroid hormones (292), enhanced risk for emotional eating as a self-regulatory coping strategy (293) and higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome (290,294,295) in later life, while some studies have suggested a dose-dependent relation in these associations (288,296).…”

Section: Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental Trajectories of Early Life Stress and Trauma: A Narrative Review on Neurobiological Aspects Beyond Stress System Dysregulation

et al. 2019

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Early life stressors display a high universal prevalence and constitute a major public health problem. Prolonged psychoneurobiological alterations as sequelae of early life stress (ELS) could represent a developmental risk factor and mediate risk for disease, leading to higher physical and mental morbidity rates in later life. ELS could exert a programming effect on sensitive neuronal brain networks related to the stress response during critical periods of development and thus lead to enduring hyper- or hypo-activation of the stress system and altered glucocorticoid signaling. In addition, alterations in emotional and autonomic reactivity, circadian rhythm disruption, functional and structural changes in the brain, as well as immune and metabolic dysregulation have been lately identified as important risk factors for a chronically impaired homeostatic balance after ELS. Furthermore, human genetic background and epigenetic modifications through stress-related gene expression could interact with these alterations and explain inter-individual variation in vulnerability or resilience to stress. This narrative review presents relevant evidence from mainly human research on the ten most acknowledged neurobiological allostatic pathways exerting enduring adverse effects of ELS even decades later (hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, autonomic nervous system, immune system and inflammation, oxidative stress, cardiovascular system, gut microbiome, sleep and circadian system, genetics, epigenetics, structural, and functional brain correlates). Although most findings back a causal relation between ELS and psychobiological maladjustment in later life, the precise developmental trajectories and their temporal coincidence has not been elucidated as yet. Future studies should prospectively investigate putative mediators and their temporal sequence, while considering the potentially delayed time-frame for their phenotypical expression. Better screening strategies for ELS are needed for a better individual prevention and treatment.

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Section: Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental Trajectories of Early Life Stress and Trauma: A Narrative Review on Neurobiological Aspects Beyond Stress System Dysregulation

et al. 2019

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“…16 weeks of treatment) do not differ significantly from those of healthy controls. 24 In established illness, alterations in low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels have been associated with childhood trauma, 25 suggesting environmental effects on a vulnerability to dyslipidaemia, as is the case with psychosis itself.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there are some discrepant findings in this area of research, as there is evidence to suggest that the cardiometabolic profiles of treated first episode psychosis in children and adolescents (treatment‐naive or up to 16 weeks of treatment) do not differ significantly from those of healthy controls 24 . In established illness, alterations in low‐density lipoprotein (LDL)‐cholesterol (LDL‐C) levels have been associated with childhood trauma, 25 suggesting environmental effects on a vulnerability to dyslipidaemia, as is the case with psychosis itself.…”

Section: Risk Factors For Cvd In Patients With Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular disease in patients with schizophrenia

Kritharides

Chow

Lambert

2017

Medical Journal of Australia

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Patients with schizophrenia die on average 25 years earlier than the general population, and this gap appears to be increasing. Most of the excess mortality is due to premature cardiovascular deaths rather than suicide. Many psychotropic agents are orexigenic and can increase weight and promote dyslipidaemia. Traditional cardiac risk factors are undertreated among patients with schizophrenia, and they are less likely to receive cardiac revascularisation than those without a mental illness. Clozapine is an atypical antipsychotic medication effective for treatment of refractory schizophrenia, but is associated with the risk of myocarditis and cardiomyopathy. Established protocols in Australia screen for myocarditis for patients who are initiating clozapine therapy and for long term monitoring for cardiomyopathy with echocardiography. Coordinated care between tertiary providers, general practitioners and primary health care professionals should monitor the physical health of people with psychosis or schizophrenia at least annually and treatment should be offered accordingly.

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“…Among them, environmental components play a key role in the development of this condition [19,20]. Some of these components are stressrelated events such as migration to urban are [21,22], cannabis use and childhood trauma [23,24]. However, other factors which also participate in the etiology of schizophrenia are of a genetic nature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Family Support and Adherence to Treatment in Patients Diagnosed with Schizophrenia in Tabasco, Mexico: A Case- Series Study

Hernández-Yánez¹,

Reyes-Tovilla²,

Juárez‐Rojop³

2015

J Psychiatry

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The history of childhood trauma is associated with lipid disturbances and blood pressure in adult first-episode schizophrenia patients

Cited by 27 publications

References 33 publications

Developmental Trajectories of Early Life Stress and Trauma: A Narrative Review on Neurobiological Aspects Beyond Stress System Dysregulation

Developmental Trajectories of Early Life Stress and Trauma: A Narrative Review on Neurobiological Aspects Beyond Stress System Dysregulation

Cardiovascular disease in patients with schizophrenia

Family Support and Adherence to Treatment in Patients Diagnosed with Schizophrenia in Tabasco, Mexico: A Case- Series Study

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