The history and future of fungi as biodiversity surrogates in forests

Halme, Panu; Holec, Jan; Heilmann‐Clausen, Jacob

doi:10.1016/j.funeco.2016.10.005

Cited by 43 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…In this study, we forecast the responses of six old-forest indicator species to a range of forest management and climate change scenarios. The study species are functionally important dead wooddecaying fungi, which are negatively affected by forestry (Berglund, Hottola, Penttilä, & Siitonen, 2011) and are indicators of habitats of conservation value (Halme, Holec, & Heilmann-Clausen, 2017;Heilmann-Clausen et al, 2015). Dead wood-decaying fungi are an under-studied group, and there is currently limited understanding of their likely responses to future macroclimate and forest changes (but see Mazziotta et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Land use changes could modify future negative effects of climate change on old‐growth forest indicator species

Mair

Jönsson

Räty

et al. 2018

Diversity and Distributions

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Aim: Climate change is expected to have major impacts on terrestrial biodiversity at all ecosystem levels, including reductions in species-level distribution and abundance. We aim to test the extent to which land use management, such as settingaside forest from production, could reduce climate-induced biodiversity impacts for specialist species over large geographical gradients. Location: Sweden.Methods: We applied ensembles of species distribution models based on citizen science data for six species of red-listed old-forest indicator fungi confined to spruce dead wood. We tested the effect on species habitat suitabilities of alternative climate change scenarios and varying amounts of forest set-aside from production over the coming century.Results: With 3.6% of forest area set-aside from production and assuming no climate change, overall habitat suitabilities for all six species were projected to increase in response to maturing spruce in set-aside forest. However, overall habitat suitabilities for all six species were projected to decline under climate change scenario RCP4.5 (intermediate-low emissions), with even greater declines projected under RCP 8.5(high emissions). Increasing the amount of forest set-aside to 16% resulted in significant increases in overall habitat suitability, with one species showing an increase. A further increase to 32% forest set-aside resulted in considerably more positive trends, with three of six species increasing. Main conclusions:There is interspecific variation in the importance of future macroclimate and resource availability on species occurrence. However, large-scale conservation measures, such as increasing resource availability through setting aside forest from production, could reduce future negative effects from climate change, and early investment in conservation is likely to reduce the future negative impacts of climate change on specialist species.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Land use changes could modify future negative effects of climate change on old‐growth forest indicator species

Mair

Jönsson

Räty

et al. 2018

Diversity and Distributions

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“…The lack of scientific data available on rare fungi, and thus their potential to become endangered, has largely led to their comparatively recent inclusion on IUCN Red Lists. Additionally, an obvious weakness with the fungal Red Lists provided so far is their national scope, making comparisons across larger regions challenging (Halme et al 2017). To overcome this, Ódor et al (2006) proposed a list of 'fungi of special interest' on the scale of continental Europe to facilitate discussion on how the fungi indigenous to beech forests were affected by forest management and fragmentation across countries from Denmark to Slovenia and to identify regions with the highest conservation value.…”

Section: Conservation Mycologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The mycological social network a way forward for conservation of fungal biodiversity

2020

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Summary Because knowledge of fungal diversity is very incomplete, it is possible that anthropogenic impacts are driving species to extinction before they have been discovered. Fungal inventories are still incomplete and do not reflect the complete diversity of this large taxon. Whilst molecular advancements are leading to an increased rate of species discovery, there is still much to be done to understand the diversity of fungi, identify rare species and establish conservation goals. Citizen science via social media could play an increasingly important role in mycological research, and its continued development should be supported and encouraged. The involvement of non-professionals in data collection helps increase public awareness, as well as extending the scope and efficiency of fungal surveys. Future academic mycological research could benefit from social media interaction and engagement with the amateur mycological community, which may accelerate the achievement of more effective conservation goals.

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“…Several polypore genera include mostly mycorrhizal species, some of which form basidiomes on dead wood (e.g., among Sistrotrema ; Nilsson et al 2006 , Di Marino et al 2008 ). Polypores are best studied in North and Central Europe where intensive forest management has been threatening their diversity – this has facilitated their use for assessing forest conservation values and planning the management (Junninen & Komonen 2011 , Halme et al 2017 ). Linked with these practical issues has been theoretical interest in polypores as model taxa for metapopulation and assemblage models applicable to dynamic habitat patches (e.g., Ovaskainen et al 2010 ; Ramiadantsoa et al 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polypore fungi as a flagship group to indicate changes in biodiversity – a test case from Estonia

2021

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Polyporous fungi, a morphologically delineated group of Agaricomycetes (Basidiomycota), are considered well studied in Europe and used as model group in ecological studies and for conservation. Such broad interest, including widespread sampling and DNA based taxonomic revisions, is rapidly transforming our basic understanding of polypore diversity and natural history. We integrated over 40,000 historical and modern records of polypores in Estonia (hemiboreal Europe), revealing 227 species, and including Polyporus submelanopus and P. ulleungus as novelties for Europe. Taxonomic and conservation problems were distinguished for 13 unresolved subgroups. The estimated species pool exceeds 260 species in Estonia, including at least 20 likely undescribed species (here documented as distinct DNA lineages related to accepted species in, e.g., Ceriporia, Coltricia, Physisporinus, Sidera and Sistotrema). Four broad ecological patterns are described: (1) polypore assemblage organization in natural forests follows major soil and tree-composition gradients; (2) landscape-scale polypore diversity homogenizes due to draining of peatland forests and reduction of nemoral broad-leaved trees (wooded meadows and parks buffer the latter); (3) species having parasitic or brown-rot life-strategies are more substrate-specific; and (4) assemblage differences among woody substrates reveal habitat management priorities. Our update reveals extensive overlap of polypore biota throughout North Europe. We estimate that in Estonia, the biota experienced ca. 3–5% species turnover during the twentieth century, but exotic species remain rare and have not attained key functions in natural ecosystems. We encourage new regional syntheses on long studied fungal groups to obtain landscape-scale understanding of species pools, and for elaborating fungal indicators for biodiversity assessments.

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The history and future of fungi as biodiversity surrogates in forests

Cited by 43 publications

References 76 publications

Land use changes could modify future negative effects of climate change on old‐growth forest indicator species

Land use changes could modify future negative effects of climate change on old‐growth forest indicator species

The mycological social network a way forward for conservation of fungal biodiversity

Polypore fungi as a flagship group to indicate changes in biodiversity – a test case from Estonia

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