The History and Applications of Phage Therapy in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Abstract

The Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the bacteria that cause serious infections due to resistance to many antibiotics can be fatal in severe cases. Antimicrobial resistance is a global public health concern. To solve this problem, interest in phage therapy has revived; some studies are being developed to try to prove the effectiveness of this therapy. Thus, in this opinion article, several historical aspects are addressed as well some applications of phage therapy against P. aeruginosa.

Bacteriophage as a potential therapy to control antibiotic-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection through topical application onto a full-thickness wound in a rat model

“…Phage therapy is one of the promising alternatives to antibiotics, which utilizes naturally occurring phages that are considered part of the human microbiome [23,24] and have high specificity towards their bacterial hosts, including biofilm-forming and antibiotic-resistant bacteria [25][26][27]. Many research studies have highlighted the use of phages to control biofilm-forming bacteria, including P. aeruginosa and demonstrated the ability of phages to eradicate the P. aeruginosa infections [28,29] and biofilm-forming bacterial cells [16,[30][31][32][33]. However, previous studies have focused mainly on the treatment of cystic fibrosis caused by P. aeruginosa by phages in vivo [29,[34][35][36].…”

“…Many research studies have highlighted the use of phages to control biofilm-forming bacteria, including P. aeruginosa and demonstrated the ability of phages to eradicate the P. aeruginosa infections [28,29] and biofilm-forming bacterial cells [16,[30][31][32][33]. However, previous studies have focused mainly on the treatment of cystic fibrosis caused by P. aeruginosa by phages in vivo [29,[34][35][36]. Moreover, using phage therapy against MDR P. aeruginosa in wound infection shows high efficacy and safety through topical and oral administrations [29,[37][38][39].…”

“…However, previous studies have focused mainly on the treatment of cystic fibrosis caused by P. aeruginosa by phages in vivo [29,[34][35][36]. Moreover, using phage therapy against MDR P. aeruginosa in wound infection shows high efficacy and safety through topical and oral administrations [29,[37][38][39]. Hence, this study aimed to isolate and characterize a novel phage against MDR P. aeruginosa from Egyptian clinical isolates and study its efficacy in vitro and on infected wounds using a rat model through single and multiple doses.…”

Clinical Features and Treatment Outcomes of Carbapenem-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Keratitis

“…Only cefiderocol, a last-resort siderophore cephalosporin, is indicated in in vitro susceptibility to these XDR isolates, but its use is limited as there is no current ocular preparation . Phage therapy has proven effective against the management of P aeruginosa keratitis, yet its use is strain specific. Additionally, development of antiseptics and antimicrobial peptides are warranted for these recalcitrant pathogens …”

Effect of encapsulation and natural polyphenolic compounds on bacteriophage stability and activity on Escherichia coli in Lactuca sativa L. var. longifolia

“…Bacteriophages are naturally occurring bacterial viruses abundant in all environments, including the water, soil, and air. Unlike antibiotics, phages specifically kill target bacteria and do not destroy the host's healthy microbiota (Silva et al, 2022). Several phage strains such as phage K, phage LS2a, phage MSa, and phage øMR11, have been tested to prevent or treat animal infections (Cristobal‐Cueto, García‐Quintanilla, Esteban, & García‐Quintanilla, 2021).…”