The Historical Evolution of Intracranial Pressure Monitoring

Recent Technological Developments in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebral Edema

“…[36] Flow velocities in the middle cerebral artery are used to detect a drop in TCDderived flow velocity, which is indicative of elevated ICP. [78] Figure 6c shows the implementation of ICP measurement in vivo. Figure 6d shows the graph of sensitivity against 1-specificity for the ICP probe.…”

“…Additionally, the NIR signal may be attenuated by the extracranial tissue; multioptode devices such as INVOS circumvent this problem using 2 detectors and a subtractionbased algorithm, [51] although active interest in this area is spurred by the downsides of invasive devices, including hemorrhage and infection. [78] Despite the inclination of clinicians toward conventional technology such as MRI, there is a growing interest in the use of CMD. CMD can provide dynamic and real-time information as opposed to the static information provided by MRI.…”

Worth Their Salt: One Hundred Years of Hyperosmolar Therapy

“…While urea was initially adopted for the treatment of brain tumors and traumatic brain injury, the introduction of mannitol by Burton Wise and Norman Chater in 1961 led to its eventual displacement, as mannitol proved to be easier to prepare and store and was less likely to cause venous irritation or phlebitis [22][23][24][25]. The early 1960s also witnessed the introduction of invasive continuous ICP monitoring by Swedish neurosurgeon Nils Lundberg, a technique that provided neurologists and neurosurgeons with an objective sign of increased ICP and, subsequently, grew out to be an important -albeit not undisputed -guide to establish the indication for hyperosmolar therapy in the intensive care setting [26].…”

A Mathematical Model to Simulate Intracranial Pressure and Unified Interpretation of Several Disease Entities

“…1.This paper assumes that the cranial cavity is a rigid container at most time, the intracranial blood vessels are elastic, and the intracranial blood volume changes There is no fundamental breakthrough in the understanding of the relationship between Kellie 's law more than 100 years ago [1] . In addition to ordinary hydrocephalus, slit ventricle syndrome, normal intracranial pressure hydrocephalus / low pressure hydrocephalus, widening of subarachnoid space in infants, ventricular widening / subdural effusion after bone flap decompression, paradoxical herniation after unilateral decompressive craniectomy, and so on, the complex and changeable relationship between CSF and s have their own understanding and can not .…”

“…There is no fundamental breakthrough in the understanding of the relationship between 1 hydrocephalus and ICP after the explanation of Monro 2 addition to ordinary hydrocephalus, slit ventricle syndrome, normal intracranial pressure 3 hydrocephalus / low pressure hydrocephalus, widening of subarachnoid space in infants, ve 4 widening / subdural effusion after bone flap decompression, paradoxical herniation after unilateral 5 decompressive craniectomy, and so on, the complex and changeable relationship between 6 ICP is often contrary to common sense, and clinician 7 have a unified theoretical explanation 8 disorders uniformly with a mathematical model and its function diagrams. 9 In order to illustrate the role of cer 10 cerebrospinal fluid pulsation in the maintenance of intracranial pressure, we designed a simplified 11 brain model, as shown in figure 1.…”