The Histological Differences of the Ureter in Japanese Quail (Coturnix japonica) Compared With Some Other Domestic Avian Species

Morphological, Anatomical and Ultrastructural Studies on The Kidney of Laughing dove, Streptopelia senegalensis aegyptiaca

“…The mucosa formed straightforward longitudinal folds that appeared to be evenly spaced across the whole luminal surface of the ureter. The lamina propria, which is found inside the mucosal folds, included loose connective tissue, which is consistent with earlier findings (33) and (34). The ureter's submucosa is made of connective tissue, containing blood vessels, as has previously been discovered (34) and (37).…”

“…The lamina propria, which is found inside the mucosal folds, included loose connective tissue, which is consistent with earlier findings (33) and (34). The ureter's submucosa is made of connective tissue, containing blood vessels, as has previously been discovered (34) and (37). The ureter's muscular layer is composed of smooth muscle fibers.…”

“…The ureter is made up of the mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, and serosa. Pigeons and Japanese quail (33), (34) exhibit the similar results. According to previous researches (33) and (35), pseudostratified columnar epithelium lined the mucosa in its entirety.…”

Histological and Histochemical Characteristics of the Kidneys in Different Avian Species

“…Our result showed the lining epithelia of distal convoluted tubules and collecting ducts were positive for Alcian blue (2.5pH)stain, this result disagree with (Sreeranjini et al, 2000) & (Nabipour, 2008) who stated that the collecting ducts did not give positive reaction in Alcian blue-PAS staining in insectivorous Bats. The result revealed that the distal part of nephron (Basement membrane, lining epithelia, and the luminal surfaces of thick & thin limbs of loop of Henle) were PAS positive, this findings conceded with results of (Nabipour, 2008;El-Salkh, et al, 2008).The epithelium and sub epithelial glands of branches of ureter were positive to Alcian blue (2.5pH) stain such results was coincided with observation of (Oliaii and Mobini, 2017) and with opinion says that the acidic mucin in this part of avian urinary system, provides an acidic environment to kept the structure of sphers until excreted outside of urinary system that associated with an increase in uric acid excretion in feeding a high protein diet (Lowell Parsons, 2007), our result suggested that the acidic medium prevent growth of harmful microorganisms. The proximal tubules showed luminal urate spheres, the current result is agreed with result of Casotti and Braun (2004) who reported that the urate spheres is formed in proximal convoluted tubules in packaging containing uric acid, albumin and ions without forming large crystal which could lead obstruct or injury the renal tubules, aslo Bataille, et al, (2008) mentioned that, the active transport system of the brush-border of the proximal tubules epithelium is responsible for discared the majority of urates.…”

“…All these histological differences make the function of the birds urinary system is more complex. Many studies have involved the histochemisty of the avian urinary system (Nabipour, 2008) in bat, (Oliaii &Mobini 2017) in Japanese Quail, (Sivakumar, et al, 2012), in Guinea Fowl, (Batah, 2012) in coot bird. The comparative detailed study of the pH reactions in different regions of the kidney nephrons not yet found.…”