The histochemistry and morphology of the cutaneous sensory end‐organs of the chicken

Winkelmann, R. K.; Myers, Thomas T.

doi:10.1002/cne.901170103

Cited by 35 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…However, proprioception in birds has received very little attention in the avian somatosensory literature (Schwartzkopff, 1973), and most studies pertain to the bill, jaws, and feathered skin (Gottschaldt, 1985). The plantar surfaces of chicken feet possess concentrations of Herbst (Burns & Wight, 1970), and rudimentary Meissner-form corpuscles resembling those of arboreal primates (Winkelmann & Myers, 1961), suggesting potential roles for grasping function or for positioning the feet and maintaining balance. that are thought to play a role in detecting vibrations (Burns & Wight, 1970).…”

Section: (3) Avian Grasping Performance: Implications and Opportunitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…that are thought to play a role in detecting vibrations (Burns & Wight, 1970). The plantar surfaces of chicken feet possess concentrations of Herbst (Burns & Wight, 1970), and rudimentary Meissner-form corpuscles resembling those of arboreal primates (Winkelmann & Myers, 1961), suggesting potential roles for grasping function or for positioning the feet and maintaining balance. Lennerstedt (1975) also documented Herbst corpuscles in the foot pad papillae of parrot feet, indicating a touch function of the papillae presumably associated with their climbing and pedal foodhandling habits.…”

Section: (3) Avian Grasping Performance: Implications and Opportunitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Getting a grip on tetrapod grasping: form, function, and evolution

Pouydebat²,

et al. 2013

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Human beings have been credited with unparalleled capabilities for digital prehension grasping. However, grasping behaviour is widespread among tetrapods. The propensity to grasp, and the anatomical characteristics that underlie it, appear in all of the major groups of tetrapods with the possible exception of terrestrial turtles. Although some features are synapomorphic to the tetrapod clade, such as well-defined digits and digital musculature, other features, such as opposable digits and tendon configurations, appear to have evolved independently in many lineages. Here we examine the incidence, functional morphology, and evolution of grasping across four major tetrapod clades. Our review suggests that the ability to grasp with the manus and pes is considerably more widespread, and ecologically and evolutionarily important, than previously thought. The morphological bases and ecological factors that govern grasping abilities may differ among tetrapods, yet the selective forces shaping them are likely similar. We suggest that further investigation into grasping form and function within and among these clades may expose a greater role for grasping ability in the evolutionary success of many tetrapod lineages.

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Section: (3) Avian Grasping Performance: Implications and Opportunitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: (3) Avian Grasping Performance: Implications and Opportunitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Getting a grip on tetrapod grasping: form, function, and evolution

Pouydebat²,

et al. 2013

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“…The distribution of Herbst corpuscles in ratites appears to differ significantly from the situation in other birds, such as the chicken, where these structures are absent from the soft palate (caudal oropharyngeal roof), tongue and floor of the oropharynx (Winkelmann and Myers, ). It is difficult to draw overall comparisons between the ostrich and emu to other birds as the presence of Herbst corpuscles has only been documented for specific parts of the oropharynx in these species, for example, the rostral portion of the bill (with regards to the bill tip organ) (Goglia, ; Bolze, ; Gottschaldt and Lausmann, ; Berkhoudt, ; Pettigrew and Frost, ; Nebel et al, ; Cunningham et al, ,b), the bill and/or tongue (Leitner and Roumy, ; Toyoshima et al, ), the bill and/or bill skin (Malinovský and Zemánek, ; Wight et al, ; Halata and Grim, ) or the oropharyngeal roof rostral to the choana (Ziswiler and Trnka, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Comparative Distribution and Arrangement of Herbst Corpuscles in the Oropharynx of the Ostrich (Struthio camelus) and Emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae)

Crole

Soley

2014

The Anatomical Record

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Herbst corpuscles are widely distributed throughout the oropharynx of the ostrich and emu in contrast to the general situation in birds. Knowledge of the comparative distribution of Herbst corpuscles in the oropharynx of these two commercially important ratite species may assist in a better understanding of their feeding habits. Tissue sections representing all parts of the oropharynx of five ostrich and five emu heads collected after slaughter were prepared for light microscopy, the Herbst corpuscles counted, and the relative percentage of corpuscles calculated for defined anatomical regions. Herbst corpuscles were more widespread in the oropharynx of the emu (where they were additionally found in the tongue and laryngeal mound) than in the ostrich but were absent from the pharyngeal folds in both species. The results further indicated that Herbst corpuscles were strategically located to aid in the handling and transport of food. In this context, the high concentration of Herbst corpuscles in the prominent median palatine and ventral ridges in the ostrich denote these structures as sensory organs, namely the palatal and interramal organs. The presence of these sensory organs, coupled with the higher relative percentage of Herbst corpuscles located on the rostral oropharyngeal floor, indicate that the part of the oropharynx caudal to the mandibular and maxillary rostra forms an important sensory region in the ostrich. Additionally, speciesspecific concentrations of Herbst corpuscles within the oropharynx were identified which appear to assist in the accurate positioning of the tongue and laryngeal mound for cleaning the choana (internal nares) after swallowing.

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“…This could either be a result of axonal branching or a 180 degree bending of the axon, both of which have been demonstrated in the ostrich (Palmieri et al, ). Double or multiple axons are not common but have been reported in other birds (Winkelmann and Myers, ; Nafstad and Andersen, ; Wight et al, ; Ziswiler and Trnka, ; Halata and Munger, ; Gottschaldt, ). The significance of multiple axons is not known.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Morphological Features of Herbst Corpuscles in the Oropharynx of the Ostrich (Struthio camelus) and Emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae)

Crole

Plessis

Soley

2014

The Anatomical Record

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The distribution of Herbst corpuscles in the oropharynx of the ostrich and emu has recently been documented. However, although the morphology of these mechanoreceptors is well known in neognathous birds, little structural information is available on the Herbst corpuscles of ratites. Tissue sections from those regions of the oropharynx known to possess a high concentration of Herbst corpuscles were sampled from ostrich and emu heads collected after slaughter and prepared for light and transmission electron microscopy. Intra-oral Herbst corpuscles in the ostrich and emu displayed the same basic components (capsule, outer zone, inner core and axon) described in neognathous birds. However, some important differences were observed, notably, the presence of myofibroblasts in the capsule, sensory cilia in cells of the outer layers, a relatively larger, less organized outer zone and narrower inner core, and variations in the shape of the axon. The previously unreported presence of myofibroblasts in the capsule possibly indicates its ability to contract, thus altering the tension of the capsule, which in turn has implications for the conduction of vibrational stimuli. The sensory cilia in the myofibroblasts of the capsule bordering the outer zone, and in the fibroblasts of the outer zone itself, may play a regulatory role in controlling the contraction of the capsule. Such a function has not previously been reported for Herbst corpuscles in any species of bird. Anat Rec, 298:783-796, 2015. V C 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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The histochemistry and morphology of the cutaneous sensory end‐organs of the chicken

Cited by 35 publications

References 6 publications

Getting a grip on tetrapod grasping: form, function, and evolution

Getting a grip on tetrapod grasping: form, function, and evolution

Comparative Distribution and Arrangement of Herbst Corpuscles in the Oropharynx of the Ostrich (Struthio camelus) and Emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae)

Morphological Features of Herbst Corpuscles in the Oropharynx of the Ostrich (Struthio camelus) and Emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae)

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