The hindgut muscularis of the stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans: Some of its structural, motile and pharmacological properties

Cook, Benjamin J.; Wagner, R.M.

doi:10.1016/0022-1910(91)90040-7

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…For example, 'wing hearts' are accessory pulsatile organs that specifically direct hemolymph into the wings (Tögel et al, 2008). We and others speculate that the rhythmic contraction of ovarian muscles could provide a similar function in the female abdomen, stimulating the local hemolymph flows necessary for the yolk proteins to penetrate the ovary (Cook and Peterson, 1989;Cruickshank, 1973;Gutzeit and Haas-Assenbaum, 1991;Middleton et al, 2006). Early support for this model came from studies in the flour moth Anagasta kühniella (Cruickshank, 1973).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Influence of ovarian muscle contraction and oocyte growth on egg chamber elongation in Drosophila

Andersen

Horne‐Badovinac

2016

Development

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Organs are formed from multiple cell types that make distinct contributions to their shape. The Drosophila egg chamber provides a tractable model to dissect such contributions during morphogenesis. Egg chambers consist of 16 germ cells (GCs) surrounded by a somatic epithelium. Initially spherical, these structures elongate as they mature. This morphogenesis is thought to occur through a 'molecular corset' mechanism, whereby structural elements within the epithelium become circumferentially organized perpendicular to the elongation axis and resist the expansive growth of the GCs to promote elongation. Whether this epithelial organization provides the hypothesized constraining force has been difficult to discern, however, and a role for GC growth has not been demonstrated. Here, we provide evidence for this mechanism by altering the contractile activity of the tubular muscle sheath that surrounds developing egg chambers. Muscle hypo-contraction indirectly reduces GC growth and shortens the egg, which demonstrates the necessity of GC growth for elongation. Conversely, muscle hyper-contraction enhances the elongation program. Although this is an abnormal function for this muscle, this observation suggests that a corset-like force from the egg chamber's exterior could promote its lengthening. These findings highlight how physical contributions from several cell types are integrated to shape an organ.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Influence of ovarian muscle contraction and oocyte growth on egg chamber elongation in Drosophila

Andersen

Horne‐Badovinac

2016

Development

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“…5) as reported for other insect visceral muscles [2,16]. However, in two of five oviduct preparations, an electrical stimulation of the severed median abdominal nerve at a frequency between 0.5-2 pps for [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] s caused a noticeable drop in base-line tonus and an inhibition of spontaneous phasic contraction. Such a neurally evoked response has not often been reported to occur in insect visceral muscle and its full significance must await further experimental work.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…The muscles that comprise the outer sheath of the lateral oviduct either consist of a continuation of the fiber network that covers the surface of each ovary [7] or muscle bands that originate from the attachments of accessory glands to the wall of the lateral oviduct. When mature eggs are present in the ovary, the outer muscular sheath of that organ can often be seen in profile stretching across the calyx and lateral oviduct (Fig.…”

Section: Muscle Network Of the Oviductmentioning

confidence: 99%

The oviduct musculature of the stable fly Stomoxys calcitrans: Properties of its spontaneous motility and neural regulation

Cook

1992

Arch Insect Biochem Physiol

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The muscles of the stable fly oviduct were striated and in the common oviduct both circular and longitudinal fiber layers were present. Although two muscle layers were evident in the lateral oviducts, both consisted of an irregular lattice of longitudinal fibers with extensive branching. This branching between fibers seemed to provide a pathway for the spread of excitation because semi-isolated preparations of the oviduct severed from their connections to the central nervous system continued to contract in a spontaneous and rhythmic manner. Compression or shortening of the longitudinal muscles of the oviduct was the predominant mode of activity, Both phasic contractions (1-2 s in duration) and tonic events (15-30 s in duration) were observed. Innervation of the oviduct arises from the four major branches of the median abdominal nerve trunk that enter the ovipositor. Five to seven peripheral nerve cells were found along these four branches. Electrical stimulation of the severed median abdominal nerve trunk caused the oviduct to respond to a single pulse. However, these individual responses approached a fusion at 6 pulses per second (pps). Two of five preparations showed an inhibition of spontaneous phasic concentrations and a noticeable drop in baseline tonus during and after a 10-20 s interval of stimulation at a frequency of 0.5-2 pps. Endogenous electrical activity was recorded from branch nerves in the ovipositor after connections to the central nervous system were cut. Potentials of two distinct durations were evident in this recorded activity. The significance of this and other findings are discussed.

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“…Following the lead of Meola et al (55), who demonstrated leucomyosuppressin antibody staining of S. calcitrans tissues, Cook et al. (63) and Cook and Wagner (64) showed excitation thresholds for proctolin on the hindgut and oviduct of S. calcitrans at less than 10 M, but were unable to evoke any substantial pharmacological response to leucomyosuppressin, suggesting that the previously described antibodies recognized only partial sequences within the leucomyosuppressin molecule. Similar studies by Lange et al (65) with the locust myosuppressin (SchistoFLRFamide) have shown on the oviduct that SchistoFLRFamide inhibits or reduces the amplitude and frequency of spontaneous contractions, relaxing basal tonus, and reducing the amplitude of neurally-evoked, proctolin-induced, glutamate-induced and high potassium-induced contractions.…”

Section: Myotropinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insect Neuropeptides

Kelly

Masler

Menn

1993

Natural and Engineered Pest Management Agents

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The physiological processes regulated by insect neuropeptides are extensive and include growth, development, molting, reproduction, diapause, behavior, color change, ion and water balance, and muscle contraction. Nearly 80 novel insect neuropeptides have been sequenced to date, 10 or so gene sequences have been determined, numerous analogs have been synthesized, and neuropeptide genes have been expressed in vector systems. Investigations into sites of synthesis and release, and tissue specificity and action, continue to reveal complexity in the (classically simple) insect neuroendocrine system. The rapidly increasing knowledge in this area suggests that useful prototypes for the design of selective pest control agents will emerge in the forseeable future.The field of insect neuroendocrinology has expanded rapidly, fostering numerous reviews within the past five years (1-21), including one book entirely devoted to insect neurohormones (22) and one to insect neuropeptides (23). These publications discuss the discovery, physiology, history and chemistry of insect neuropeptides and present potential applications to pest control. These applications may include: blocking neuropeptide synthesis through expression of antisense RNA or inhibition of specific processing enzymes; inactivation of circulating neuropeptides by binding with specific antibodies, antipeptides or by degradation with specific peptidases; disruption of target binding or signal transduction by peptidomimetics; and disruptive expression of natural or modified neuropeptides through baculoviruses or other expression vectors. As suspected in 1988 (4), the number of purified and sequenced insect neuropeptides has continued to increase, and many of the corresponding nucleotide sequences have followed in rapid succession. Nearly eighty novel amino acid sequences for insect neuropeptides have been identified, and novel nucleotide sequences approach ten. This review updates the recent progress in identification of insect neuropeptide structures and their genes and other areas relevant to the development of pest control agents, This chapter not subject to U.S.

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The hindgut muscularis of the stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans: Some of its structural, motile and pharmacological properties

Cited by 9 publications

References 24 publications

Influence of ovarian muscle contraction and oocyte growth on egg chamber elongation in Drosophila

Influence of ovarian muscle contraction and oocyte growth on egg chamber elongation in Drosophila

The oviduct musculature of the stable fly Stomoxys calcitrans: Properties of its spontaneous motility and neural regulation

Insect Neuropeptides

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