The highest intensity and the shortest duration permitting attainment of maximal oxygen uptake during cycling: effects of different methods and aerobic fitness level

Caputo, Fabrízio; Denadai, Benedito Sérgio

doi:10.1007/s00421-008-0670-5

Cited by 66 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…According to what is classically demonstrated, the CYC group presented higher values of VO 2max compared with the RUN and NT groups 3,12 . Moreover, the VO 2max of the RUN was significantly higher than of the NT.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…The heavy domain starts from the lowest intensity at which blood lactate increases and has as highest threshold the critical power (CP) 2 . The severe domain is characterized for the reach of the maximal oxygen consumption (VO 2max ), being limited between the CP and the exercise intensity which allows minimal time to VO 2max acquisition (i.e., Isup) 3 . The determination of the exercise intnensity domains has important implications in the prescription of aerobic training and design of experimental outlines, since it makes better acute individualization of the physiological responses possible and possibly better correlation between the stress level and expected adaptation [3][4][5] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The severe domain is characterized for the reach of the maximal oxygen consumption (VO 2max ), being limited between the CP and the exercise intensity which allows minimal time to VO 2max acquisition (i.e., Isup) 3 . The determination of the exercise intnensity domains has important implications in the prescription of aerobic training and design of experimental outlines, since it makes better acute individualization of the physiological responses possible and possibly better correlation between the stress level and expected adaptation [3][4][5] . Aerobic training determines adaptations both in oxygen central suply and in the capacity of its use, being able to improve physiological indices related to aerobic performance such as the LT, the VO 2max and its respective intensity (IVO 2max ), as well as the economy of movement (EM) 6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Within this context, the aim of this study was to analyze the effects of the level of aerobic fitness on the amplitude of the exercise intensity domains during cycling. Based on the principle of the training specificity, the analysis of endurance runners during cycling makes it possible to obtain s group with intermediate aerobic fitness among untrained individuals and well-trained cyclists 3,12 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aptidão aeróbia e amplitude dos domínios de intensidade de exercício no ciclismo

Caritá

Caputo

Greco

2013

Rev Bras Med Esporte

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Introduction: The determination of the exercise intensity domains has important implications for the aerobic training prescription and elaboration of experimental designs. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of aerobic fitness level on the amplitude of the exercise intensity domains during cycling. Methods: Twelve cyclists (CYC), eleven runners (RUN) and eight untrained subjects (NT) underwent the following protocols on different days: 1) progressive test to determine lactate threshold (LT), maximal oxygen uptake (VO 2max ) and its corresponding intensity (IVO 2max); 2) three constant workload tests until exhaustion at 95, 100 and 110% IVO 2max to determine critical power (CP); 3) constant workload tests until exhaustion to determine the highest intensity at which VO 2max is reached (I sup ). Results: The amplitude of the moderate domain was similar between CYC (52 ± 8%) and RUN (47 ± 4%) and significantly greater in CYC when compared with NT (41 ± 7%). The heavy domain was significantly smaller in CYC (17 ± 6%) when compared with RUN (27 ± 6%) and NT (27 ± 9%). In relation to severe domain, there were no significant differences among CYC (31 ± 7%), RUN (26 ± 5%) and NT (31 ± 7%). Conclusion: It can be concluded that the heavy domain is more sensitive to changes determined by the aerobic fitness level; there is a need hence to observe the training specificity, when high level of physiological adaptation is aimed..

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Aptidão aeróbia e amplitude dos domínios de intensidade de exercício no ciclismo

Caritá

Caputo

Greco

2013

Rev Bras Med Esporte

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“…Entretanto, os Tlim ficaram dentro do sugerido pela literatura (∼ 4-12 min). Além disso, verificamos recentemente em nosso laboratório que as cargas aqui empregadas (i.é., 95, 100 e 110% IVO 2 pico) permitem que o VO 2 pico seja atingido antes da exaustão, independente do nível de aptidão aeróbia (11) . Como no estudo de Dekerle et al (4) esses aspectos também foram observados, nos parece possível a comparação entre os dois trabalhos.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Máxima fase estável de lactato sanguíneo e potência crítica em ciclistas bem treinados

Caritá

Greco

2009

Rev Bras Med Esporte

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RESUMoO principal objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a intensidade correspondente à máxima fase estável de lactato (MLSS) e a potência crítica (PC) durante o ciclismo em indivíduos bem treinados. Seis ciclistas do sexo masculino (25,5 ± 4,4 anos, 68,8 ± 3,0kg, 173,0 ± 4,0cm) realizaram em diferentes dias os seguintes testes: exercício incremental até a exaustão para a determinação do pico de consumo de oxigênio (VO 2 pico) e sua respectiva intensidade (IVO 2 pico); cinco a sete testes de carga constante para a determinação da MLSS e da PC; e um exercício até a exaustão na PC. A MLSS foi considerada com a maior intensidade de exercício onde a concentração de lactato não aumentou mais do que 1mM entre o 10 o e o 30 o min de exercício. Os valores individuais de potência (95, 100 e 110% IVO 2 pico) e seu respectivo tempo máximo de exercício (Tlim) foram ajustados a partir do modelo hiperbólico de dois parâmetros para a determinação da PC. Embora altamente correlacionadas (r = 0,99; p = 0,0001), a PC (313,5 ± 32,3W) foi significantemente maior do que a MLLS (287,0 ± 37,8W) (p = 0,0002). A diferença percentual da PC em relação à MLSS foi de 9,5 ± 3,1%. No exercício realizado na PC, embora tenha existido componente lento do VO 2 (CL = 400,8 ± 267,0 ml.min -1 ), o VO 2 pico não foi alcançado (91,1 ± 3,3 %). Com base nesses resultados pode-se concluir que a PC e a MLSS identificam diferentes intensidades de exercício, mesmo em atletas com elevada aptidão aeróbia. Entretanto, o percentual da diferença entre a MLLS e PC (9%) indica que relação entre esses dois índices pode depender da aptidão aeróbia. Durante o exercício realizado até a exaustão na PC, o CL que é desenvolvido não permite que o VO 2 pico seja alcançado.Palavras-chave: ciclismo, consumo de oxigênio, exercício aeróbio. aBStRaCtThe main objective of this study was to compare the intensity corresponding to the maximal lactate steady state (MLSS) and critical power (CP) in well-trained cyclists. Six male cyclists (25.5 ± 4.4 years, 68.8 ± 3.0 kg, 173.0 ± 4.0 cm) performed in different days the following tests: incremental exercise test until exhaustion to determine peak oxygen uptake (VO 2 peak) and its respective intensity (IVO 2 peak); five to seven constant workload tests to determine MLSS and CP and; one exhaustion test at CP. MLSS was defined as the highest workload at which blood lactate concentration did not increase by more than 1 mM between minutes 10 and 30 of the constant workload. Individual values for power-Tlim from the constant workload tests (95, 100 and 110% IVO 2 peak) were fit to the hyperbolic model of two-parameter to determine CP. Although highly correlated (r = 0.99; p = 0.0001), CP (313.5 + 32.3 W) was statistically higher than MLSS (287.0 + 37.8 W) (p = 0.0002). The percentual difference between CP and MLSS was 9.5 + 3.1 %. During exercise performed at CP, although a slow component of VO 2 has developed (SC = 400.8 + 267.0 ml.min -1 ), the VO 2 peak was not attained (91.1 + 3.3 %). Based on these results, it can be concluded that CP and...

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Anti‐inflammatory response to acute exercise is related with intensity and physical fitness

Antunes

Campos

Santos

et al. 2018

J of Cellular Biochemistry

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Purpose The relationship between inflammatory markers and energetic metabolism has been explored. However, the relationship between exercise intensity and fitness status is unclear, and it is necessary to understand this relationship to apply specific exercise guidance. The purpose of the study was to analyze metabolic and inflammatory responses imposed by acute exercise sessions performed at moderate, heavy, and severe intensities and their relationship with the physical fitness status. Methods Nineteen healthy male volunteers performed three acute exercise sessions until exhaustion or up to 60 minutes on a cycle ergometer at moderate (90% of first ventilatory threshold [VT1]), heavy (midpoint between VT1 and second ventilatory threshold [VT2]), and severe (midpoint between VT2 and maximal aerobic power) intensities. Blood lactate, glucose, NEFA, endotoxin, and cytokines were determined for each exercise session. Peripheral and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐stimulated release of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α), interleukin (IL)‐6, and IL‐10 was analyzed before, after, and 60 minutes after sessions. Results In peripheral blood, severe intensity increased lactate, endotoxin, and TNF‐α immediately after exercise and glucose at 60 min after exercise. There was a trend for IL‐10 increase at 60 minutes after exercise in peripheral blood. Immediately after exercise, LPS‐stimulated TNF‐α, IL‐6, IL‐6/IL‐10 ratio, and lactate levels were higher in the severe intensity while nonester fatty acid levels decreased at this time. At 60 minute after exercise, higher concentrations of glucose and a trend for increased IL‐10 were observed in severe intensity. A positive correlation was observed between maximal aerobic power and IL‐10 ( r = 0.513; P = 0.042), and negative correlations between maximal aerobic power and endotoxin ( r = −0.531; P = 0.034) and lactate ( r = −0.538; P = 0.031) in heavy intensity. Conclusion Our data show a novel finding that higher cytokine responses occur at higher intensities, mainly in severe intensity. However, the anti‐inflammatory (IL‐10) response was physical fitness–dependent.

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The highest intensity and the shortest duration permitting attainment of maximal oxygen uptake during cycling: effects of different methods and aerobic fitness level

Cited by 66 publications

References 32 publications

Aptidão aeróbia e amplitude dos domínios de intensidade de exercício no ciclismo

Aptidão aeróbia e amplitude dos domínios de intensidade de exercício no ciclismo

Máxima fase estável de lactato sanguíneo e potência crítica em ciclistas bem treinados

Anti‐inflammatory response to acute exercise is related with intensity and physical fitness

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