The hidden cost of trade liberalization: Input tariff shocks and worker health in China

Fan, Haichao; Lin, Faqin; Lin, Shu

doi:10.1016/j.jinteco.2020.103349

Cited by 39 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Pierce and Schott (2016) study the effects of Chinese exports on US manufacturing employment and, as an intermediate step, they estimate the reduced-form effect of column 2 tariffs on exports. 5 Our papers differ in important ways. First, our focus is on the trade, price, and consumer welfare effects.…”

Section: Figure 2 Sector-level Chinese Export and Price Index Growthmentioning

confidence: 98%

Policy Uncertainty, Trade, and Welfare: Theory and Evidence for China and the United States

Handley

Limão

2018

World Scientific Studies in International Economics

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We examine the impact of policy uncertainty on trade, prices, and real income through firm entry investments in general equilibrium. We estimate and quantify the impact of trade policy on China's export boom to the United States following its 2001 WTO accession. We find the accession reduced the US threat of a trade war, which can account for over one-third of that export growth in the period 2000-2005. Reduced policy uncertainty lowered US prices and increased its consumers' income by the equivalent of a 13-percentage-point permanent tariff decrease. These findings provide evidence of large effects of policy uncertainty on economic activity and the importance of agreements for reducing it.

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Section: Figure 2 Sector-level Chinese Export and Price Index Growthmentioning

confidence: 98%

Policy Uncertainty, Trade, and Welfare: Theory and Evidence for China and the United States

Handley

Limão

2018

World Scientific Studies in International Economics

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“…When China became a member of the WTO in December 2001, it had already taken several measures to open up to the rest of the world, including encouraging domestic companies to export and lowering tariffs. In other words, China began to reduce tariffs well before it joined the WTO, from 42.9% in 1992 to 17% in 1997 ( 27 ), and between 1997 and 2001, the tariffs fell only marginally. This series of trade promotion measures led to a dramatic increase in China's export trade after its accession to the WTO.…”

Section: Policy Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, several scholars have examined the relationship between trade and economic activity ( 17 – 21 ), while others are investigating the interaction between trade and health. This study adds to the research examining trade liberalization's effects on adult health in terms of import competition ( 22 – 25 ), export expansion ( 26 ), and tariff shocks on intermediate goods ( 27 ). Specifically, several studies find that import competition has negative effects on workers' mental, physical, and general health ( 22 – 25 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, they did not discuss the mechanisms. Additionally, most of these studies focus on developed countries, with a few exceptions, such as Fan et al ( 27 ), who examine the impact of China's declining import tariffs on employee health. Thus, we contribute to this strand of literature by studying the effect of China's export expansion on adult illness/injury and discussing, in detail, the mechanisms behind this effect from the perspectives of pollutant emissions and the labor market.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Export Expansion May Increase Adult Illness and Injury: A Quasi-Natural Experiment on China's Accession to the World Trade Organization

Chen

Liu

2022

Front. Public Health

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PurposeExports can boost the economy, but may also cause harm to health through, for example, increased pollution and working hours. Although academic research extensively covers the impact of trade on health, few studies examine the mechanisms through which export expansion affects adult illness or injury within the past 4 weeks (illness/injury).MethodWe utilized China's entry into the World Trade Organization (WTO) as a quasi-natural experiment to investigate the relationship between export expansion and adult illness/injury. We explored the possible mechanisms and the heterogeneity of these associations. Our methodology was based on the analysis of China's Health and Nutrition Survey data, Chinese Customs databases, and China's Statistical Yearbook.ResultsExport expansion, induced by China's accession to the WTO, has a significantly positive effect on adult illness/injury [average effect (AE): 1.83%; 95% CI: 0.38–3.28%]. Our results remain robust following a series of robustness tests. Moreover, the effects of export expansion on adult illness/injury are more pronounced among urban residents (AE: 5.32%; 95% CI: 2.46–8.18%), women (AE: 2.68%; 95% CI: 0.57–4.80%), and higher-income groups (AE: 5.90%; 95% CI: 2.53–9.27%).ConclusionsWe find a statistically significant and positive effect of export expansion on adult illness/injury.

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“…Joining the World Trade Organization (WTO) is one of the important measures for a country to reduce trade barriers. In recent years, many studies conduct a series of analysis based on China's accession to the WTO in December 2001 [2][3][4][5][6][7]. China's exports witnessed a dramatic increase after China's WTO accession due to the decline in trade barriers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Regulation and Exports: Evidence from the Comprehensive Air Pollution Policy in China

Chen

2021

IJERPH

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The impact of environmental regulation has been an important topic. Based on the Chinese Custom Database and China City Statistical Yearbook, this paper investigates the effect of environmental regulation on export values and explores potential mechanisms and heterogeneous effects. Taking advantage of China’s first comprehensive air pollution prevention and control plan, the Air Pollution Control in Key Zones policy, as a quasi-natural experiment, we employ the difference-in-differences method to examine the causal relationship between environmental regulation and exports. We find the statistically significant and negative effect of environmental regulation on exports at the city level. Moreover, we find that the potential mechanism is the change in export values caused by firm entry and exit, especially by exiters, rather than the change in the number of exporting firms in the city caused by firm entry and exit. In addition, we find the heterogeneous effects of environmental regulation based on the differences of environmental policy across cities and the Broad Economic Categories classification.

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The hidden cost of trade liberalization: Input tariff shocks and worker health in China

Cited by 39 publications

References 58 publications

Policy Uncertainty, Trade, and Welfare: Theory and Evidence for China and the United States

Policy Uncertainty, Trade, and Welfare: Theory and Evidence for China and the United States

Export Expansion May Increase Adult Illness and Injury: A Quasi-Natural Experiment on China's Accession to the World Trade Organization

Environmental Regulation and Exports: Evidence from the Comprehensive Air Pollution Policy in China

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