The heterogeneity of grief in India during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the national lockdown

Abstract

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Bereavement in Times of COVID-19: A Review and Theoretical Framework

“…(2020) based discussion of experiences of loss and grief on Kübler-Ross’s stage model (Kübler-Ross & Kessler, 2005). Nair and Banerjee (2020) made mention of application of models, again including the stage model (Kübler-Ross & Kessler, 2005), and the DPM (Stroebe & Schut, 2010) among others. The other articles make hardly any mention at all of theoretical perspectives.…”

The Many Faces of Grief: A Systematic Literature Review of Grief During the COVID-19 Pandemic

“…These authors particularly emphasize the disenfranchisement of bereavement of self for losses that may not be socially acknowledged. Nair and Banerjee (2020) write in this regard that “[t]raditionally associated with ‘loss’ varied connotations of grief might arise … It can classically range from losing a loved one to the perceived loss of autonomy and dignity, especially in the marginalized populations” (p. 1). Grief for self can also result from an anticipated death due to a decline in one's health conditions ( Ishikawa, 2020 ).…”

“… Eisma et al (2021) , Nair and Banerjee (2020) , and Wallace et al (2020) write that these secondary stressors add to the primary stressors and complicate the grieving process. Tang and Xiang (2021) write about health complications such as coronary heart disease, diabetes, and other illnesses that can increase the vulnerability of individuals and make the grief responses severe.…”

“…These losses are expected to compound the bereavement process. Although Eisma et al (2021) recognized the expectedness of death as an Nair and Banerjee (2020) Letter to the editor Grief could emerge from the loss of a loved one and the loss of autonomy, dignity, life events, and livelihoods. In addition, isolation and loneliness are major factors amplifying grief; thus, social integration and connectedness are important tools to deal with grief.…”

“…Kokou-Kpolou et al (2020) write that multiple deaths and losses, restrictions on meeting the dying, and organizing funeral practices are likely to result in pathological grief, leading to an increase in PGD. Eisma et al (2021), Nair and Banerjee (2020), and Wallace et al (2020) write that these secondary stressors add to the primary stressors and complicate the grieving process. Tang and Xiang (2021) write about health complications such as coronary heart disease, diabetes, and other illnesses that can increase the vulnerability of individuals and make the grief responses severe.…”