The Heterogeneity of Glucan Preparations from the Walls of Various Yeasts

Manners, D. J.; Masson, Alan J.; Patterson, James C.

doi:10.1099/00221287-80-2-411

Cited by 41 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…It is generally accepted that glucan-preparations can differ (Manners et al 1974) and the effect of β-glucans is related to dosage (Ai et al 2007), physico-chemical properties such as backbone/branch configuration (Seviour et al 1992), solubility (Xiao et al 2004), and molecular weight (Falch et al 2000). Further, the optimal type and dosage of β-glucan varies between different diseases (Chen and Seviour 2007), which makes it very difficult to generalize about administrative strategies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Short- and Long-Term Glucan Feeding of Rainbow Trout (Salmonidae) on the Susceptibility to <I>Ichthyophthirius Multifiliis</I> Infections

Lauridsen¹,

Buchmann

2010

Acta Icth et Piscat

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Lauridsen J.H., Buchmann K. 2010. Effects of short-and long-term glucan feeding of rainbow trout (Salmonidae) on the susceptibility to Ichthyophthirius multifiliis infections. Acta Ichthyol. Piscat. 40 (1): 61-66.Background. Various compounds are being used as immuno-stimulants in various aquaculture feed types but the importance of their prolonged use is at present unknown. It is also true for those intended to modify trout susceptibility to white spot disease caused by Ichthyophthirius multifiliis. The immuno-modulating effects on rainbow trout of short-and long-term feeding using dry feed with inclusion of beta-glucan (0.2%) have therefore been evaluated. Materials and Methods. The immune reactivity was assessed by measuring susceptibility to I. multifiliis infections and plasma lysozyme in the host, factors which are considered innate response parameters. Rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum, 1792) (Actinopterygii: Salmoniformes: Salmonidae), were fed (control feed or glucan-containing feed) for 14 or 35 days before challenge (exposure to infective I. multifiliis theronts) and the resulting infection (number of trophonts in the skin) was recorded on day 11 post-exposure to theronts. Results. All fish obtained infection following parasite exposure but glucan-fed fish showed a lower infection at day 46 compared to fish fed control-feed. The lysozyme activity of fish plasma was evaluated throughout the experimental period and found slightly but significantly increased in association with glucan-feeding at day 14, 17, and 46. Conclusion.No evidence for an exhaustion of these selected innate response parameters due to prolonged glucan-feeding could be detected within the experimental period of 46 days.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Short- and Long-Term Glucan Feeding of Rainbow Trout (Salmonidae) on the Susceptibility to <I>Ichthyophthirius Multifiliis</I> Infections

Lauridsen¹,

Buchmann

2010

Acta Icth et Piscat

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“…The wall composition of S. pombe differs to some extent from that of the budding yeast. In addition to β-glucans (46 to 54%) which seem to be qualitatively comparable to those of the budding yeast, the S. pombe cell wall contains a substantial amount of a linear 1,3-α-glucan (18 to 28%) and a galactomannnan (9 to 14%) instead of mannan (Bacon et al, 1968;Bush et al, 1974;Manners et al, 1974;Manners and Meyer, 1977;Horisberger and Rosset, 1977). Chitin is a component that may have some roles in morphogenesis, via the formation of a complex with β-glucans in several genus of Ascomycetes.…”

Section: Cell Wall Composition and Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic control of fission yeast cell wall synthesis: the genes involved in wall biogenesis and their interactions in Schizosaccharomyces pombe.

Ishiguro

1998

Genes Genet. Syst.

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“…Zymosan particles are baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) that has been subjected to boiling and extensive trypsin treatment (19). The zymosan particles used were relatively homogeneous in size with an average particle diameter of 3 m. Zymosan particles were dispersed in PBS by vortexing and gentle sonication.…”

Section: Neutrophil Isolation Preparation Of Zymosan and Protocol Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Localized Exocytosis of Primary (Lysosomal) Granules During Phagocytosis: Role of Ca2+-Dependent Tyrosine Phosphorylation and Microtubules

Tapper

Furuya

Grinstein

2002

The Journal of Immunology

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The uptake and killing of bacteria by human neutrophils are dependent on the fusion of secretory granules with forming phagosomes. The earliest component of exocytosis was found to precede phagosome closure, so that granular membrane constituents were detectable on the plasmalemma. We show that during phagocytosis of IgG-opsonized particles, this early secretory response is highly polarized in the case of primary granules, but less so for specific granules. The vectorial discharge of primary granules was dependent on calcium, but no evidence was found that calcium is involved in determining the polarity of exocytosis. In particular, a redistribution of endomembrane calcium stores toward forming phagosomes could not be detected. Polarized granule exocytosis was accompanied by focal tyrosine phosphorylation and actin polymerization, although the latter was not required for the response. Instead, microtubules seemed to contribute to the vectorial nature of the response. During particle ingestion, the microtubule-organizing center relocated toward forming phagosomes, and colchicine treatment altered the pattern of exocytosis, reducing its directionality. We hypothesize that the focal activation of tyrosine kinases generates localized signals that induce exocytosis in a calcium-dependent manner, and that reorientation of microtubules facilitates preferential delivery of granules toward the forming phagosome.

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The Heterogeneity of Glucan Preparations from the Walls of Various Yeasts

Abstract: SUMMARYPrevious studies have shown that the insoluble glucan from the walls of baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) is heterogeneous. It consists of about 85 % of an insoluble branched /?-

Cited by 41 publications

References 9 publications

Effects of Short- and Long-Term Glucan Feeding of Rainbow Trout (Salmonidae) on the Susceptibility to <I>Ichthyophthirius Multifiliis</I> Infections

Effects of Short- and Long-Term Glucan Feeding of Rainbow Trout (Salmonidae) on the Susceptibility to <I>Ichthyophthirius Multifiliis</I> Infections

Genetic control of fission yeast cell wall synthesis: the genes involved in wall biogenesis and their interactions in Schizosaccharomyces pombe.

Localized Exocytosis of Primary (Lysosomal) Granules During Phagocytosis: Role of Ca2+-Dependent Tyrosine Phosphorylation and Microtubules

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