The Herbal Preparation Padma® 28 Protects Against Neurotoxicity in PC12 Cells

Abstract

Padma® 28 is a multicompound herbal preparation based on the camphor formulas from traditional Tibetan medicine (TTM). It contains a variety of different secondary plant substances, which include terpenes and polyphenols such as flavonoids and tannins. As a rich source of antioxidant polyphenols, this herbal Padma 28 preparation seems to be a promising candidate for the treatment of degenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), a condition involving oxidative stress. Moreover, polyphenols have also been shown to mitigate AD neuropathology. The study investigated the protective effect of Padma 28 and of certain polyphenols on the neurotoxicity of PC12 cells induced by the neurotoxins: amyloid-beta (Aβ), glutamate, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) and 3-nitropropionate (3-NP), known to be involved in AD, Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic-lateral-sclerosis (ALS) and Huntington's disease (HD), respectively. The decrease in cell viability induced by each of the toxins was significantly attenuated by Padma 28 treatment. Also, a decrease in the oxidative capacity of PC12 cells treated with Padma 28 was noted, indicating that the decrease in cell viability induced by the toxins might have been the result of an oxidative stress which could be attenuated by Padma 28 acting as a potent antioxidant. Padma 28, which is available in Europe and USA, seems to be a promising candidate for the treatment of CNS diseases.

The Tibetan herbal medicines Padma 28 and Padma Circosan inhibit the formation of advanced glycation endproducts (AGE) and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) in vitro

“…They were provided as raw powder without excipients and contain calcium sulphate, natural camphor and 20 or 19 herbal drugs respectively. The composition of Padma 28 has been published previously [21]. …”

Pathogenese und pleiotrope Behandlungsansätze bei diabetischen Folgeerkrankungen - Übersicht über Wirkmechanismen von Padma® 28

“…Darunter sind z.B. LDL(low-density lipoprotein)-Cholesterin, Albumin und DNA sowie epitheliale und neuronale Zellen [16,18,19,20,21]. …”

“…Die protektiven Effekte konnten experimentell gezeigt werden, einerseits in Nervenzellen, die das Vielstoffgemisch vor Schädi gungen durch verschiedene neurotoxische Substanzen schützte [21], und andererseits in Epithelzellen, die Padma 28 vor einem im Entzündungsprozess freige setzten zytotoxischen «Cocktail» aus Oxidantien, membranperforierenden Substanzen und Proteinasen schützte [16]. Spezifisch wurden die Proteaseaktivität von Elastase und Trypsin sowie die Produktion von Matrixmetalloproteinasen(MMP)-1 und -9 gehemmt [16,38,39].…”

In vivo stimulatory effect of multi-component herbal remedy PADMA 28 on mitogen-induced proliferation of mice splenic lymphocytes and their chemokinetic activity

“…PADMA downregulated iNOS protein and iNOS mRNA level in a macrophage cell line. Ginsburg et al (2011) presented protective effect of PADMA on viability of PC12 cells pretreated by neurotoxins (eg. amyloid -beta, glutamate) involved in degenerative disease such as Azheimer's or Parkinsoǹs diseases.…”

“…Cooperation of a variety of ingredients ensures a wide spectrum of biological activities: antiinflammatory, antioxidant, antisclerotic, antiperoxidal, cytoprotectional and anabolic. Owing to this, PADMA 28 exerts a variety of beneficial effects on experimental and clinical models of inflammation, degenerative diseases, chronic infections and atherosclerosis, as well as angioprotecive, antioxidative and wound healing properties (Jankowski et al 2001, Melzer et al 2006, Aslam et al 2010, Ginsburg et al 2011.…”