The hemodynamic changes during cupping therapy monitored by using an optical sensor embedded cup

Kim, Sung‐Chul; Kim, Evgenii; Jung, Geunho; Lee, Sang-Hun; Kim, Jae Gwan

doi:10.1002/jbio.201800286

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…This report [26] implied that the higher the internal pressure in the muscle, the greater the muscle stiffness. A recent study [27] examined the hemodynamic changes during cupping therapy and found that cupping therapy increased the blood volume and tissue oxygenation at the treatment site. Taking this evidence into consideration, it seems likely that dermal suction increases the blood flow and internal pressure in the muscle, which may increase muscle stiffness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Effects of Dermal Suction on Passive Muscle and Joint Stiffness

et al. 2021

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The aim of the present study was to examine the acute effects of dermal suction on the passive mechanical properties of specific muscles and joints. Dermal suction was applied to the calves of 24 subjects. Passive plantar flexion torque was measured with the right knee fully extended and the right ankle positioned at 20°, 10°, 0°, and −10° angles, where 0° represents the ankle neutral position, and positive values correspond to the plantar flexion angle. The shear wave velocity (SWV) (m/s) of the medial gastrocnemius was measured in the same position using ultrasound shear wave elastography. The relationship between the joint angle and passive torque at each 10° angle was defined as passive joint stiffness (Nm/°). Passive muscle and joint stiffness were measured immediately before and after the dermal suction protocol. When the ankle joint was positioned at 20° (r = 0.53, P = 0.006), 10° (r = 0.43, P = 0.030), and −10° (r = 0.60, P = 0.001), the SWV was significantly higher after dermal suction than that before dermal suction. Regarding joint stiffness, we found no significant difference between the pre- and post-dermal suction values (partial η2 = 0.093, P > 0.05). These findings suggest that dermal suction increases passive muscle stiffness and has a limited impact on passive joint stiffness.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Effects of Dermal Suction on Passive Muscle and Joint Stiffness

et al. 2021

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“…The results from these two studies are quite consistent, suggesting improved blood circulation due to the cupping treatment. Similar measurements were repeated by Jae Gwan et al, who embedded an optical sensor within the therapy cup to monitor the hemodynamic changes during cupping [18]. They observed elevation of both deoxyhemoglobin and oxyhemoglobin at the cupping site but drop of both parameters at the surrounding positions, confirming cupping can increase the oxygen and blood supplement to cupping site.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Photoacoustic imaging of microenvironmental changes in facial cupping therapy

Zhou

Cao

et al. 2020

Biomed. Opt. Express

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As a traditional medicine practice, cupping therapy has been widely used to relieve symptoms like fatigue, tension, and muscle pain. During the therapy, negative pressure is applied to the skin for a while with an intention to enhance blood circulation or induce micro-bleeding. The therapeutic effect, however, is not clear due to the lack of direct quantification. Aiming at a quantitative assessment of the treatment effect, we explore optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy (OR-PAM) in monitoring the structural and functional changes after cupping. We find that, after 5-minutes of ∼ 20 kPa negative pressure cupping, more capillaries appear in the focus, and micro-blooding is observed from the capillaries. We quantify the images and find the blood vessel density is increased by 64%, and the total hemoglobin concentration in both the veins and the arteries exhibits 62% and 40% elevation, respectively. Oxygen saturation in the vein and artery decreased by 17% and 3% right after cupping, respectively. After two hours of recovery, the three blood-related parameters return to their original levels, indicating that the effects in the tissue last only a short period after cupping at the given pressure and time duration. Note that no significant cupping marks are induced with the treatment parameters in this study. This work proposes OR-PAM to quantitatively monitor and evaluate the effect of cupping therapy from the perspective of imaging. The method is also useful for accurate control of the therapeutic outcome.

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“…Additionally, in pathological conditions, the application of this procedure is not limited to external diseases; is also widely used for internal diseases, to enhance healing through the purification of non-physiological fluids for improvement of systemic circulation, and for enhancing metabolism [3,10,11]. Recently, a number of studies characterized the principles and the efficacy of cupping therapy [11,12]. Moreover, since 1987, the National Health Insurance of Korea has approved cupping therapy, and the cupping therapy has been used for various conditions/diseases as a medical procedure [3].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Experimental Study on the Pressure Range of Fire Cupping Method

Kim

Lee

et al. 2021

J Acupunct Res

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Background: Standardized procedures for the clinical application of fire cupping methods have not been established. In particular, the pressure parameters have not been fully characterized and described. Therefore, using various materials, this study investigated the pressure range exerted during fire cupping therapy. Methods: In this study, 3 differently sized (small, medium, large) glass and bamboo cups were used in the cotton ball fire cupping procedure to measure the pressure inside the cup applied to a human skin model. The pressure in each cup was measured 15 times for a total of 90 measurements. Results: A small bamboo cup had the minimum overall pressure (-305.4 mmHg), whereas the large glass cup exerted the maximum pressure (-401.3 mmHg), followed by the medium glass cup, large bamboo cup, small glass cup, and medium bamboo cup. The average pressure exerted by the cotton ball method for all cups ranged from -348.715 mmHg to -358.694 mmHg (95% confidence interval). Overall, the glass cups had a greater pressure than the bamboo cups in all groups (p < 0.001). Among the glass cups used, the larger the size of the cup, the higher the average pressure detected (-381.947 mmHg to -391.973 mmHg; p < 0.05). Conclusion: Large glass cups which are widely used in clinical practice, when used in the fire cupping method exerted pressure ranging from -381.947 mmHg to -391.973 mmHg (95% CI).

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The hemodynamic changes during cupping therapy monitored by using an optical sensor embedded cup

Cited by 12 publications

References 25 publications

Acute Effects of Dermal Suction on Passive Muscle and Joint Stiffness

Acute Effects of Dermal Suction on Passive Muscle and Joint Stiffness

Photoacoustic imaging of microenvironmental changes in facial cupping therapy

An Experimental Study on the Pressure Range of Fire Cupping Method

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