Abstract:<p>During Sudden Stratospheric Warming events, the ionosphere exhibits phase-shifted semi-diurnal perturbations, which are typically attributed to vertical coupling associated with the semi-diurnal lunar tide (M2). Our understanding of ionospheric responses to M2 is limited. This study focuses on fundamental vertical coupling processes associated with the latitudinal extent and hemispheric asymmetry of ionospheric M2 signatures, using total electron content data from the eastern Asian and America… Show more
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