The heaviest particulate air-pollution episodes occurred in northern China in January, 2013: Insights gained from observation

Ji, Dongsheng; Li, Liang; Wang, Yuesi; Zhang, Junke; Cheng, Miaomiao; Sun, Yifei; Liu, Zirui; Wang, Lili; Tang, Guiqian; Hu, Bo; Chao, Nengfang; Wen, Tian; Miao, Hengfeng

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.04.048

Cited by 222 publications

(130 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…This is consistent with the large contribution of residential heating to the emission of these pollutants in Beijing in the winter (Feng et al, 2014;Zhang et al, 2011;Ji et al, 2014). Ji et al (2014) attributed the "explosive growth" of fine particles mainly to local emissions under stagnant conditions during the heaviest particulate air-pollution episodes in the winter of Beijing, which was consistent with our experimental results in some respects. The regional transport of particles might be a major reason for the severe haze pollution in Beijing, but the contribution of local emission to secondary aerosol formation was also crucial.…”

Section: Pam Under Different Scenarios Of Transportsupporting

confidence: 82%

Distinct potential aerosol masses under different scenarios of transport at a suburban site of Beijing

Chu

et al. 2016

Journal of Environmental Sciences

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In order to evaluate the secondary aerosol formation potential at a suburban site of Beijing, in situ perturbation experiments in a potential aerosol mass (PAM) reactor were carried out in the winter of 2014. The variations of secondary aerosol formation as a function of time, OH exposure, and the concentrations of gas phase pollutants and particles were reported in this study. Two periods with distinct secondary aerosol formation potentials, marked as Period I and Period II, were identified during the observation. In Period I, the secondary aerosol formation potential was high, and correlated well to the air pollutants, i.e., SO 2 , NO 2 , and CO. The maximal secondary aerosol formation was observed with an aging time equivalent to about 3 days of atmospheric oxidation. In period II, the secondary aerosol formation potential was low, with no obvious correlation with the air pollutants. Meanwhile, the aerosol mass decreased, instead of showing a peak, with increasing aging time.Backward trajectory analysis during the two periods confirmed that the air mass in Period I was mainly from local sources, while it was attributed mostly to long distance transport in Period II. The air lost its reactivity during the long transport and the particles became highly aged, resulting in a low secondary aerosol formation potential. Our experimental results indicated that the in situ measurement of the secondary aerosol formation potential could provide important information for evaluating the contributions of local emission and long distance transport to the aerosol pollution.

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Section: Pam Under Different Scenarios Of Transportsupporting

confidence: 82%

Distinct potential aerosol masses under different scenarios of transport at a suburban site of Beijing

Chu

et al. 2016

Journal of Environmental Sciences

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“…Detailed descriptions of the calibration and maintenance of the analyzers for NO, NO 2 , SO 2 , CO, O 3 , PM 2.5 , and PM 10 can be found in Ji et al (2014). All of the above species were recorded at a resolution of 1 min; however, only the 1-h data are presented in this paper.…”

Section: Instrumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of air quality in Tianjin during the Spring Festival period of 2015

Tang

Gao

et al. 2016

Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters

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“…For example, the Weather Research and Forecasting -Community Multi-scale Air Quality (WRF-CMAQ) model showed significant improvements in simulating sulfate and nitrate concentrations and temporal variations in January 2013 episode by incorporating heterogeneous reaction mechanisms (Zheng et al, 2015a), yet it failed to predict the haze 5 peak on January 12-13 that was found to be mainly caused by regional transport (Ji et al, 2014;Sun et al, 2014). However, there are strong arguments on the role of regional transport in the haze pollution (Guo et al, 2014;Li et al, 2015b), especially during severe haze episodes with stagnant meteorological conditions and shallow boundary layer (Sun et al, 2014;Zheng et al, 2015b;Quan et al, 2013). Therefore, vertical characterization of air pollutants is critical for elucidating the formation and transport of regional haze events, especially for severe haze episodes with boundary layer height less than 10 300 m (Quan et al, 2013;Tang et al, 2015).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extensive measurements have been conducted at ground sites for characterization of the composition, sources and formation mechanisms of severe haze episodes in north China (Huang et al, 2014;Ji et al, 2014;Zhao et al, 2013;Sun et al, 2013d).…”

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confidence: 99%

Vertically-resolved Characteristics of Air Pollution during Two Severe Winter Haze Episodes in Urban Beijing, China

Wang¹,

Sun²,

Xu³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Abstract. We conducted the first real-time continuous vertical measurements of particle extinction (b ext ), gaseous NO 2 , and black carbon (BC) from ground level to 260 m during two severe winter haze episodes at an urban site in Beijing, China. Our results illustrated four distinct types of vertical profiles: 1) uniform vertical distributions (37% of the time) with vertical differences less than 5%; 2) higher values at lower altitudes (29%); 3) higher values at higher altitudes (16%), and 4) 15 significant decreases at the heights of ~100 -150 m (14%). Further analysis demonstrated that vertical convection as indicated by mixing layer height, temperature inversion, and local emissions are three major factors affecting the changes in vertical profiles. Particularly, the formation of Type 4 was strongly associated with the stratified layer that was formed due to the interactions of different air masses and temperature inversions. Aerosol composition was substantially different below and above the transition heights with ~20 -30% higher contributions of local sources (e.g., biomass burning and cooking) at 20 lower altitudes. A more detailed evolution of vertical profiles and their relationship with the changes in source emissions, mixing layer height, and aerosol chemistry was illustrated by a case study. BC showed overall similar vertical profiles as those of b ext (R 2 = 0.92 and 0.69 in November and January, respectively). While NO 2 was correlated with b ext for most of the time, the vertical profiles of b ext /NO 2 varied differently for different profiles, indicating the impact of chemical transformation on vertical profiles. Our results also showed that more comprehensive vertical measurements (e.g., more 25 aerosol and gaseous species) at higher altitudes in the megacities are needed for a better understanding of the formation mechanisms and evolution of severe haze episodes in China.

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The heaviest particulate air-pollution episodes occurred in northern China in January, 2013: Insights gained from observation

Cited by 222 publications

References 20 publications

Distinct potential aerosol masses under different scenarios of transport at a suburban site of Beijing

Distinct potential aerosol masses under different scenarios of transport at a suburban site of Beijing

Characteristics of air quality in Tianjin during the Spring Festival period of 2015

Vertically-resolved Characteristics of Air Pollution during Two Severe Winter Haze Episodes in Urban Beijing, China

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