The heat pumps for better urban air quality✰

Carella, Alberta; D’Orazio, Annunziata

doi:10.1016/j.scs.2021.103314

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Transitioning from fossil fuel boilers to heat pumps is the primary strategy to decarbonise heating in many countries [12]. Some studies have shown that replacing existing boilers with heat pumps ensures better urban air quality [13]. At the same time, the increasing installation of heat pumps is associated with increased peak loads of electricity [12,14].…”

Section: Finland's Goal: Ending Fossil Fuel Oil Heating In Buildingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renovation Results of Finnish Single-Family Renovation Subsidies: Oil Boiler Replacement with Heat Pumps

et al. 2022

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Finland has approximately 150,000 oil-heated private homes. In 2020, the Finnish government launched subsidies for private homeowner energy renovations. In this study, we examine the impact of two new energy renovation subsidies, the ELY grant and the ARA grant, from an energy efficiency point of view. Data from these subsidies reveal that a typical energy renovation case is a building from the 1970s where the oil boiler is replaced with an air-to-water heat pump. With additional data from the Finnish Energy certificate registry, a reference 1970s house is constructed and modelled in the building simulation programme, IDA ICE 4.8. Combinations of several renovation measures are simulated: air-to-water heat pump, ground-source heat pump, ventilation heat recovery and improved insulation. We found that resorting mainly to air-to-water heat pumps is not the most energy-effective solution. Ground-source heat pumps deliver a more significant reduction in delivered energy, especially with additional measures on insulation and heat recovery. Ground-source heat pumps also demand slightly less power than air-to-water heat pumps. Onsite solar PV generation helps supplement part of the power needed for heat pump solutions. Subsidy policies should emphasize deep renovation, ventilation heat recovery and onsite electricity generation.

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Section: Finland's Goal: Ending Fossil Fuel Oil Heating In Buildingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renovation Results of Finnish Single-Family Renovation Subsidies: Oil Boiler Replacement with Heat Pumps

et al. 2022

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“…This may have health benefits for physicians and their families, given that urban sprawl has been linked with obesity, physical inactivity, and decreased life expectancy [ 21 , 22 ]. For physicians living in detached houses, electrification of heating (using heat pumps) and cooking can be an effective method to decrease their GHG emissions, while improving ambient and indoor air quality [ 23 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ecological footprint of physicians: A survey of physicians in Canada, India, and USA

Jabbari-Zadeh,

Karbassi,

Khetan

2023

PLoS ONE

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Combating climate change may be the greatest public health opportunity of the 21st century. While physicians play an important role in addressing climate change, given their affluence in society, they may be an important source of greenhouse gas emissions themselves. We sought to examine the size and nature of the ecological footprint of physicians and medical students. We conducted an online survey from December 2021-May 2022 examining resource consumption, changes in consumption patterns over time, and beliefs about climate change. Participants were medical students, residents, and staff physicians in Canada, India, or USA. Only 20 out of 162 valid respondents had a low ecological footprint (12%), defined as meat intake ≤2 times per week, living in an apartment or condominium, and using public transport, bicycle, motorcycle or walking to work. 14 of these 20 participants were from India. 91% of participants were open to reducing their own ecological footprint, though only 40% had made changes in that regard. 49% participants who discussed climate change at work and at home had decreased their ecological footprint, compared to 29% of participants who rarely engaged in such conversations (OR 2.39, 95% CI 1.24–4.63, P = 0.01). We conclude that physicians have a large ecological footprint, especially those from Canada and USA. A majority of physicians are interested in reducing their ecological footprint, and those who engage in conversations around climate change are more likely to have done so. Talking frequently about climate change, at work and at home, will likely increase climate change action amongst physicians.

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“…Starting from the findings of a previous work by Carella et al [1] on the analysis of pollutant concentrations and from the identification of the weight of heating systems as an emissive source, the substitution of boilers in current heating and DHW preparation systems with air/water HPs was proposed as an intervention to increase the urban air quality level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The restraints implemented to limit the spread of COVID-19 at the peak of the pandemic has allowed us to quantify the contribution of several polluting factors. In a previous work by Carella et al [1], a significant contribution due to fuel-fired heating systems was recorded. Based on an analysis of the heating and domestic hot water (DHW) requirements of the residential building stock of two different Italian cities and the installed heat generators, the substitution of these heat generators with high-temperature air/water heat pumps of suitable size that can supply the current radiator systems is presented.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Air/Water Heat Pumps in Existing Heating and Hot Water Systems for Better Urban Air Quality and Primary Energy Savings: Scenarios of Two Italian Cities

Carella

Ferraro²,

D’Orazio

2022

Energies

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In a previous work, a significant contribution to urban air pollution, related to fuel-fired heating systems, was recorded. Thus, the replacement of existing boilers for space heating and domestic hot water (DHW) production systems with high-temperature air/water heat pumps (which can operate with radiators, the most common terminals in the existing building stock), is proposed for the improvement of the urban air quality. Scenarios of substitution within the entire residential building stock of two Italian cities, Milan and Salerno, belonging to different climate zones and with their own thermophysical characteristics, were analyzed. For each of them, the consequences of the replacement intervention on emission reduction, primary energy savings and lower CO2 production were evaluated. The results show that reduction of primary energy consumption, evaluated at design outdoor temperature and for the present generation mix, varied between 34% and 54% in Milan and between 43% and 60% in Salerno, for two values of renewable fraction in electricity generation. The reduction of CO2 production was in the range 30–52% in Milan and 39–58% in Salerno, respectively. The only unfavorable case occurred for Milan for a completely non-renewable electricity generation scenario. The replacement intervention, which implies a significant decrease of emissions of pollutants in urban areas, is unobtrusive to citizens, since the heat pumps (HPs) are coupled with current radiators, without the internal distribution system being modified.

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The heat pumps for better urban air quality✰

Cited by 9 publications

References 17 publications

Renovation Results of Finnish Single-Family Renovation Subsidies: Oil Boiler Replacement with Heat Pumps

Renovation Results of Finnish Single-Family Renovation Subsidies: Oil Boiler Replacement with Heat Pumps

The ecological footprint of physicians: A survey of physicians in Canada, India, and USA

Air/Water Heat Pumps in Existing Heating and Hot Water Systems for Better Urban Air Quality and Primary Energy Savings: Scenarios of Two Italian Cities

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