“…According to the mesoscopic simulation, Tong et al. pointed out that for particle‐filled propellants, the ultimate mechanical properties are mainly determined by the matrix in tension, while they are determined by the filler particles at compression [36]. Due to the different mechanical properties between the matrix and filler particles, the compressive strength of NEPE propellant is 4∼7 times of that in tension.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…According to previous numerical simulation results [35], under the ignition pressurization condition, the hoop of the solid propellant grains are subjected to tensile strain and the radical of the solid propellant grains are subjected to compressive strain. Solid propellants present obvious tensile‐compressive asymmetrical mechanical properties [36, 37]. In our previous work [38], the tensile mechanical behavior of NEPE propellants under confining pressure was studied.…”
In order to study the effects of confining pressure and strain rate on the mechanical properties of the Nitrate Ester Plasticized Polyether (NEPE) propellant, compressive tests were conducted under various confining pressure conditions and strain rates using a new‐designed active gas confining pressure testing machine. The stress‐strain curves and mechanical properties of the NEPE propellant under varying confining pressure conditions and strain rates were obtained. The results show that the compressive mechanical properties of the NEPE propellant are remarkably influenced by the confining pressure and strain rate. The compressive strength under confining pressure is obviously larger than those without applied confining pressure. With the coupled effects of the confining pressure and strain rate, the compressive strength under 5.4 MPa and 6.67×10−2 s−1 is 2.17 times of its value at room condition and 6.67×10−4 s−1. Then, based on previous tensile results, the quantified comparisons of tensile and compressive mechanical properties under different experimental conditions were presented. Finally, a nonlinear constitutive model with damage was constructed to model the effect of pressure. The statistical damage model parameters were defined as ExpDec1 function of pressure P. The calibrated model can accurately predict the mechanical behaviour of the NEPE propellant under different confining pressure conditions and strain rates.
“…According to the mesoscopic simulation, Tong et al. pointed out that for particle‐filled propellants, the ultimate mechanical properties are mainly determined by the matrix in tension, while they are determined by the filler particles at compression [36]. Due to the different mechanical properties between the matrix and filler particles, the compressive strength of NEPE propellant is 4∼7 times of that in tension.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…According to previous numerical simulation results [35], under the ignition pressurization condition, the hoop of the solid propellant grains are subjected to tensile strain and the radical of the solid propellant grains are subjected to compressive strain. Solid propellants present obvious tensile‐compressive asymmetrical mechanical properties [36, 37]. In our previous work [38], the tensile mechanical behavior of NEPE propellants under confining pressure was studied.…”
In order to study the effects of confining pressure and strain rate on the mechanical properties of the Nitrate Ester Plasticized Polyether (NEPE) propellant, compressive tests were conducted under various confining pressure conditions and strain rates using a new‐designed active gas confining pressure testing machine. The stress‐strain curves and mechanical properties of the NEPE propellant under varying confining pressure conditions and strain rates were obtained. The results show that the compressive mechanical properties of the NEPE propellant are remarkably influenced by the confining pressure and strain rate. The compressive strength under confining pressure is obviously larger than those without applied confining pressure. With the coupled effects of the confining pressure and strain rate, the compressive strength under 5.4 MPa and 6.67×10−2 s−1 is 2.17 times of its value at room condition and 6.67×10−4 s−1. Then, based on previous tensile results, the quantified comparisons of tensile and compressive mechanical properties under different experimental conditions were presented. Finally, a nonlinear constitutive model with damage was constructed to model the effect of pressure. The statistical damage model parameters were defined as ExpDec1 function of pressure P. The calibrated model can accurately predict the mechanical behaviour of the NEPE propellant under different confining pressure conditions and strain rates.
“…e results demonstrate that the yield and fracture stress of PC/ABS are lower than those of PC, while the reduction of fracture stress and strain caused by cyclic loading of PC is greater than that of PC/ABS; Chen et al [14][15][16] systematically studied the deformation behavior of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene under stress-controlled cyclic loading and discussed the ratchetting behavior under uniaxial and nonproportional multiaxial loading, respectively. Based on the experimental results, a cyclic constitutive model considering the nonproportional multiaxis effect was proposed; Yang et al [17,18] conducted a series of stress-controlled cyclic loading experiments on polyamide-6 material, discussed the ratchetting-fatigue interaction of the material, and found that ratchetting strain has a harmful effect on the fatigue life of the material; Tong et al [19] conducted uniaxial stress and strain-controlled cyclic loading tests on solid propellant polymer composites and discussed the influence of thermal generation on the material properties; our previous papers [4,5] studied the uniaxial and multiaxial ratchetting of polycarbonate polymer and discussed the influence of temperature on the uniaxial ratchetting and the effect of loading path on the multiaxial ratchetting of the material. From the existing literatures, it can be concluded that the ratchetting of polymers is greatly affected by temperature, humidity, loading rate, loading path, average stress, stress amplitude, and other factors due to the significant viscoelasticity of the materials.…”
The stress-controlled pure torsional cyclic tests are carried out to investigate the torsional ratchetting of polycarbonate (PC) polymer at room temperature. The effects of applied shear mean stress, stress amplitude, stress rate, peak stress hold, and stress history on the torsional ratchetting are discussed. The shear strain of tubular specimen is measured by a noncontact digital image correlation (DIC) apparatus. The results show that the torsional ratchetting of the polymer obviously depends on the applied shear stress level, stress rate, and peak stress hold; the shear ratchetting strain and its rate increase with the increasing mean stress, stress amplitude, and peak stress hold time and with the decreasing stress rate. Moreover, the torsional ratchetting depends on the stress history. A higher stress level cyclic loading history restrains the evolution of torsional ratchetting in the subsequent lower stress level cyclic loading, while the lower stress level cyclic loading history promotes the torsional ratchetting of the subsequent higher level cyclic loading.
“…Such a phenomenon initiates an appearance of a mechanical hysteresis resulting from the viscoelastic nature of the most of industrial polymers and the composites based on them, which in consequence, result in energy excess. A schematic and experimental hysteresis loop for cyclically loaded polymers and PMCs can be found, e.g., in [1,2,3,4,5], while an exemplary hysteresis loop evolution during the appearance of the self-heating effect in a cyclically loaded PMC structure is presented in Figure 1 [6]. The change of geometry and the orientation of the last loop indicates structural failure.…”
The self-heating effect is a dangerous phenomenon that occurs in polymers and polymer matrix composites during their cyclic loading, and may significantly influence structural degradation and durability as a consequence. Therefore, an analysis of its criticality is highly demanding, due to the wide occurrence of this effect, both in laboratory fatigue tests, as well as in engineering practice. In order to overcome the problem of the accelerated degradation of polymer matrix structures, it is essential to evaluate the characteristic temperature values of self-heating, which are critical from the point of view of the fatigue life of these structures, i.e., the temperature at which damage initiates, and the safe temperature range in which these structures can be safely maintained. The experimental studies performed were focused on the determination of the critical self-heating temperature, using various approaches and measurement techniques. This paper present an overview of the research studies performed in the field of structural degradation, due to self-heating, and summarizes the studies performed on the evaluation of the criticality of the self-heating effect. Moreover, the non-destructive testing method, which uses the self-heating effect as a thermal excitation source, is discussed, and the non-destructivity of this method is confirmed by experimental results.
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